Female achievement (external)

Question 1

Browne

Answer 1

Shows educational achievement of m/f= roller-coastered
1980s- concerns about females low achievement
1990s- females began to significantly perform well except in Maths+sciences
Present- females began to significantly outperform in all subjects

Question 2

Stats to support Browne?

Answer 2

2010 GCSE results: 72% girls A*-C/ 65% boys

Question 3

Rise in feminism

Answer 3

Increased women expectations/ self-esteem- now look beyond housewife/ mother as main role

Question 4

McRobbie

Answer 4

Study of girls magazines. 1970s- emphasises importance of marriage & not being left behind. Now- images- female independence/ ambitions

Question 5

Analysis for rise in fem?

Answer 5

More women going into masc professions e.g. Theresa May was a prime minister for England- shows change in girls ambitions. police officer, construction, firefighter

Question 6

Eval for rise in fem?

Answer 6

Not all women impacted by it- South Asian girls still have traditional values within home- means they may have to become housewife whilst males work/provide

Question 7

Changes in women’s employment

Answer 7

Laws: 1970 Equal Pay Act, 1975 Sex Discrimination Act. Stats: 47% women worked -1959, 70%-2007- more women in employment

Question 8

Webb et al

Answer 8

Found no. women- employment went up. Gender pay gap fell. Women breaking through glass ceiling- women working more- girls no longer discriminated against hence motivating them to progress

Question 9

Analysis for CIWM?

Answer 9

ONS 2018- shows still gender pay gap- could demotivate many girls trying in education- same job as man- paid less

Question 10

Eval for CIWM?

Answer 10

Supported by lib fem- believe in march of progress- believe women have become more independent than in past-25% women= main income earners in household

Question 11

Changing ambitions of girls

Answer 11

Priorities changing

Question 12

Sharpe

Answer 12

Interviewed girls- 1970s/90s- Found priorities=changed. 70s: Love, marriage, husbands/kids then career. 90s: Career/ independence= priority - now higher aspirations. CONC: f’s become extremely ambitious + aim high professions e.g. doctors

Question 13

Fuller

Answer 13

F’s see educational success as central aspect of identity- creators of own future + believed in meritocracy- aimed- professional careers- allowing- support themselves

Question 14

Analysis for changing ambitions?

Answer 14

Ofsted 2011 report- choices- career/courses made by f’s- various stages in edu- shows girls want to do well/work hard- however, some w/c, EM girls- gender stereotyped aspirations for marriage/ children- expect low paid jobs

Question 15

Eval for changing ambitions?

Answer 15

Diane Rey- aspirations reflect reality of girls’ class position- limited aspirations= limited job opportunities perceived as available to them.
Biggart- found w/c girls= ml- see motherhood= only practical option for future- less point achieving