Sub Theory Final Practice

Question 1

Which of these describes grade 1 nerve injury?

A. Physiologic conduction block
B. Damage and Degeneration of the Axon within the axon sheath
C. Damage to the axon and the endoneurium
D. Damage to the axon, the endoneurium, and the perineurium

Answer 1

A. Physiologic Conduction Block

Question 2

Which area of the brainstem can produce almost total analgesia when stimulated appropriately?

Answer 2

Substantia Nigra

Question 3

Which of these is the determining factor in the rate of neural regeneration after injury?

A. Rate of Axoplasmic or bulk flow
B. Schwann cell destruction
C. Nerve Conduction Velocity
D. Central integrative state of the spinal cord

Answer 3

Rate of Axoplasmic or bulk flow

Question 4

Which of these is beneficial for the patient with lower cross syndrome?

A. Quad strengthening
B. Abdominal Exercises
C. Back Extensor strengthening
D. Hip Flexor Exercises

Answer 4

Abdominal Exercises

Question 5

What is the relationship between ROM and stability in the spine?

Answer 5

Increased stability results in decreased ROM

Question 6

According to the gate control theory of pain modulation, input on _____ fibers will inhibit ______ fibers.

Answer 6

Ia, Type C

Question 7

Which of these neurotransmitters acts as a trophic factor?

Answer 7

Acetylcholine

Question 8

Which of these is an example of a transitional vertebra?

Answer 8

C1

Question 9

Which term refers to the loss of ability of a muscle to undergo effective contraction?

Answer 9

Atony

Question 10

Nociceptive facilitation results from overstimulation of the _____ in the _______ horn of the spinal cord.

Answer 10

Substantia getatinosa, dorsal

Question 11

Which nerve fiber has the fastest conduction velocity?

Answer 11

Ia afferent

Question 12

Which of these activities contribute to an upper crossed syndrome?

Answer 12

Long periods of computer work.

Question 13

Referred pain patterns are the result of_________

Answer 13

Viscero-Somatic Reflexes

Question 14

Which of these is an example of a stress vertebrae of the spine?

Answer 14

C5

Question 15

A tensegrity Structure contains both _______ and _______ components

Answer 15

Compressive, Tensile

Question 16

What is the basis of Axoplasmic (BULK) flow?

Answer 16

Rhythmic peristaltic contraction of the cell membrane

Question 17

What is the roll of the locus coeruleus in pain modulation?

Answer 17

Activation of the GABA pool in the spinal cord gray matter

Question 18

When neuron (A) stimulates neuron (B), neuron (B) sends a chemical signal to (Start) connection b/w neuron (A) and itself. This process is called:

Answer 18

Plasticity

Question 19

Which of these is a summary of Hilton’s Law?

Answer 19

A nerve innervating a joint innervates the muscle that move and the skin overlying that joint

Question 20

Which is the term for changing a nerve’s membrane potential to bring it close to threshold?

Answer 20

Facilitation

Question 21

Slow, constant stretch of a muscle results in slow constant contraction. The _______ response of the muscle spindle.

Answer 21

Static

Question 22

Which process refers to complete destruction of a nerve distal to a site

Answer 22

Wallerian Degeneration

Question 23

Neurotransmitter used by the raphe nucleus magnus is _______

Answer 23

Seratonin

Question 24

Which might a person experience pain receding up to the extremity following an adjustment?

Answer 24

Removal of an axonal transport blockage

Question 25

The posterior vertebral muscles are supplied with motor impulses by __________

Answer 25

Posterior primary rami of spinal nerves

Question 26

According to Logan how does rotary scoliosis benefit the body?

Answer 26

Using scoliosis to maintain the center of the mass within the base.

Question 27

What is the biomechanical advantage to bipedalism?

Answer 27

Easier to initiate movement due to higher center of gravity

Question 28

Which is the sensory to the posterior fibers of the disc and facet joint capsule?

Answer 28

The recurrent meningeal nerve and posterior 1st rami

Question 29

Which grade of nerve injury has the highest probability of recovery?

Answer 29

Grade 1

Question 30

The descending inhibitory pathway of nociception modulation is initiated in the _________

Answer 30

Periaqueductal gray matter

Question 31

What is the basis for the dysafferentation model?

Answer 31

Somato-somatic reflex

Question 32

Which is transported via retrograde axonal transports?

Answer 32

Nerve growth factor

Question 33

Sudden stretch of a muscle results in sudden contraction. This is the ______ response to the muscle spindle.

Answer 33

Dynamic

Question 34

Muscle spasm resulting from subluxation is an example of a _________ reflex and ________ Law.

Answer 34

Somatosomatic, Hilton’s

Question 35

Which muscle group will be weaker in a patient with lower cross syndrome?

Answer 35

HamstringsSubluxation

Question 36

Irritation of dorsal horn cells from an organ, resulting in anterior horn activation, is an example of a _______ response.

Answer 36

Viscero Somatic

Question 37

Increased sensitivity of muscle spindles resulting from increased gamma motor neuron gain is the basis of which subluxation theory?

Answer 37

Motor Degeneration

Question 38

Subluxation in the upper thoracic spine resulting from gall stones is an example of a _________.

Answer 38

Viscero-Somatic reflex