Sub Theory Final Practice Flashcards
Which of these describes grade 1 nerve injury?
A. Physiologic conduction block
B. Damage and Degeneration of the Axon within the axon sheath
C. Damage to the axon and the endoneurium
D. Damage to the axon, the endoneurium, and the perineurium
A. Physiologic Conduction Block
Which area of the brainstem can produce almost total analgesia when stimulated appropriately?
Substantia Nigra
Which of these is the determining factor in the rate of neural regeneration after injury?
A. Rate of Axoplasmic or bulk flow
B. Schwann cell destruction
C. Nerve Conduction Velocity
D. Central integrative state of the spinal cord
Rate of Axoplasmic or bulk flow
Which of these is beneficial for the patient with lower cross syndrome?
A. Quad strengthening
B. Abdominal Exercises
C. Back Extensor strengthening
D. Hip Flexor Exercises
Abdominal Exercises
What is the relationship between ROM and stability in the spine?
Increased stability results in decreased ROM
According to the gate control theory of pain modulation, input on _____ fibers will inhibit ______ fibers.
Ia, Type C
Which of these neurotransmitters acts as a trophic factor?
Acetylcholine
Which of these is an example of a transitional vertebra?
C1
Which term refers to the loss of ability of a muscle to undergo effective contraction?
Atony
Nociceptive facilitation results from overstimulation of the _____ in the _______ horn of the spinal cord.
Substantia getatinosa, dorsal
Which nerve fiber has the fastest conduction velocity?
Ia afferent
Which of these activities contribute to an upper crossed syndrome?
Long periods of computer work.
Referred pain patterns are the result of_________
Viscero-Somatic Reflexes
Which of these is an example of a stress vertebrae of the spine?
C5
A tensegrity Structure contains both _______ and _______ components
Compressive, Tensile
What is the basis of Axoplasmic (BULK) flow?
Rhythmic peristaltic contraction of the cell membrane
What is the roll of the locus coeruleus in pain modulation?
Activation of the GABA pool in the spinal cord gray matter
When neuron (A) stimulates neuron (B), neuron (B) sends a chemical signal to (Start) connection b/w neuron (A) and itself. This process is called:
Plasticity
Which of these is a summary of Hilton’s Law?
A nerve innervating a joint innervates the muscle that move and the skin overlying that joint
Which is the term for changing a nerve’s membrane potential to bring it close to threshold?
Facilitation
Slow, constant stretch of a muscle results in slow constant contraction. The _______ response of the muscle spindle.
Static
Which process refers to complete destruction of a nerve distal to a site
Wallerian Degeneration
Neurotransmitter used by the raphe nucleus magnus is _______
Seratonin
Which might a person experience pain receding up to the extremity following an adjustment?
Removal of an axonal transport blockage
The posterior vertebral muscles are supplied with motor impulses by __________
Posterior primary rami of spinal nerves
According to Logan how does rotary scoliosis benefit the body?
Using scoliosis to maintain the center of the mass within the base.
What is the biomechanical advantage to bipedalism?
Easier to initiate movement due to higher center of gravity
Which is the sensory to the posterior fibers of the disc and facet joint capsule?
The recurrent meningeal nerve and posterior 1st rami
Which grade of nerve injury has the highest probability of recovery?
Grade 1
The descending inhibitory pathway of nociception modulation is initiated in the _________
Periaqueductal gray matter
What is the basis for the dysafferentation model?
Somato-somatic reflex
Which is transported via retrograde axonal transports?
Nerve growth factor
Sudden stretch of a muscle results in sudden contraction. This is the ______ response to the muscle spindle.
Dynamic
Muscle spasm resulting from subluxation is an example of a _________ reflex and ________ Law.
Somatosomatic, Hilton’s
Which muscle group will be weaker in a patient with lower cross syndrome?
HamstringsSubluxation
Irritation of dorsal horn cells from an organ, resulting in anterior horn activation, is an example of a _______ response.
Viscero Somatic
Increased sensitivity of muscle spindles resulting from increased gamma motor neuron gain is the basis of which subluxation theory?
Motor Degeneration
Subluxation in the upper thoracic spine resulting from gall stones is an example of a _________.
Viscero-Somatic reflex
