Sub Rxn Of Carbonyl Compounds at The Alpha C

Question 1

What are the three types of reactions carbonyl compounds can undergo? 

Answer 1

• nucleophilic addition reactions
• Nucleophilic Acyl substitution (NAS) reaction
• substitution reactions at the alpha carbon through enols and enolates 

Question 2

Occur with carbonyl compounds that do not have an electronegative atom on the -C=O group. In other words, There is no leaving group

Answer 2

Nucleophilic addition reactions

Question 3

There is an electronegative atom attached to the -C=O. There is a leaving Group Z 

Answer 3

 nucleophilic Acyl Substitution (NAS) reactions 

Question 4

Enolates and enols can react with __________ sinse enols and enolates are electron rich

Answer 4

An electrophile

Enolates and enols are nucleophiles (like +)

Question 5

Keto form vs. enol form =

Answer 5

Tautomers

Question 6

What is the percentage of keto and Enol at equilibrium?

Answer 6

Keto is 99%

Enol form less than 1 %

Question 7

With ___________ compounds, the concentration of the enol form exceeds that of the keto form because the enol form is stabilized by conjugation in form of intermolecular hydrogen bonds

Answer 7

Beta-dicarbonyl

Question 8

The conversion of the keto form to the enol form It’s called _____________. It can be done in ____ or _____. In both media it occurs in two steps

Answer 8

Tautomerization

Acid, base

Question 9

The alpha hydrogen of enolate is ________ Than a normal SP3 alkane hydrogen

Answer 9

More acidic