Stuff from S1

Question 1

Sliding filament theory

Answer 1

• 1. INFLUX OF CALCIUM = NERVE IMPULSE TRIGGERS THE RELEASE OF CALCIUM, WHICH EXPOSES THE BINDING SITES ON ACTIN FILAMENTS
• 2. BINDING OF MYOSIN AND ACTIN = CROSS BRIDGES ATTACH TO THE MYOSIN BINDING SITE OF ACTIN FILAMENTS
• 3. THE POWER STROKE = THE CROSS BRIDGE PULLS THE ACTIN FILAMENT TOWARD THE CENTRE OF THE SARCOMERE
• 4. CROSS BRIDGE DETACHMENT =MYOSIN HEAD DETACHES FROM THE ACTIN FILAMENT
• 5. HYDROLYSIS OF ATP = ATP HAS TO HYDROLYSE TO RETURN THE MYOSIN HEAD TO ITS HIGH ENERGY STATE
• 6. CALCIUM IONS TRANSPORTED BACK INTO THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM = WHEN NO LONGER STIMULATED, CALCIUM PUMPED BACK INTO SR

Question 2

Skill development

Answer 2

Checklists
Video analysis
Reflective journals
Peer/mentor/coach feedback
Questionaires

Question 3

Transfer of learning

Answer 3

Positive transfer of learning occurs when previous experience facilitates performance of a skill in a new context or the learning of a new skill.

Negative transfer of learning occurs when previous experience inhibits or negatively affects performance of a skill in a new context or the learning of a new skill

Zero transfer of learning occurs when previous experience has no influence on the performance of a skill in a new context or the learning of a new skill

Skill-to-skill transfer of learning occurs when previous experience or practice of a skill impacts on the execution of the skill in a new context or performance of another skill.

Proactive transfer of learning occurs when skills practiced in the past have an effect on motor skills that you will learn in the future.
When a skill that you have learned previously is altered by a new skill that you learn, that is retroactive transfer of learning.

Question 4

Coaching activites

Answer 4

Shaping is when simplified or incomplete versions of a skill are rehearsed initially and then missing components are gradually added.

Chaining is when the skill is broken down into components that are rehearsed separately, as if they were isolated skills. Over time, the components of the skill are then put together to perform the whole skill.
• Forward chaining – skill components are rehearsed in the order that the whole skill is performed.
• Backward chaining – last component is practised first and the whole skill is built by working backwards

Question 5

Coaching styles

Answer 5

Autocratic suits athlete who
• need support and answers
• value extrinsic motivation
• value extrinsic setting of benchmarks and are goal driven

Democratic suits athletes who
• have their own answers
• are intrinsically motivated
• want to contribute

Laissez faire suits athletes who
• want to focus on participation, socialisation and enjoyment
• are intrinsically motivated
• are experienced or Masters level.

Question 6

Table of fast and slow twitch fibres

Answer 6

Refer to notes

Question 7

Force velocity relationship

Answer 7

If a muscle is contracted at a fast pace, the force is decreased
More force required means slower movement to give sarcomeres time to fully stimulate

Question 8

Force length relationship

Answer 8

Length of muscle and angle at the join have an impact on force production
Optimum muscle length and join angle is different for all parts of the body, optimal position is about 90 degrees
This allows for maximum attachment of myosin and actin

Question 9

Cardiovascular drift

Answer 9

Body delivers blood to skin and away from working muscles to increase heat loss
Increase in sweat
Cardiovascular drift occurs
Attempt to maintain cardiac output, heart rate increases
Increase in heart rate=smaller than decrease in SV meaning cardiac output is reduced
Skin blood flow decreased and oxygen sent to working muscles is decreased
Increase in lactic acid
Reduction in sweating doesn’t let the body lose heat meaning core temp rises and negatively affects performance