StudyDesignQuiz1 with answers Flashcards
A randomized controlled trial was done by randomly assigning each participant to a new medication (Drug X) or an older medication (Drug Z). At the end of study the participant’s response to the drug’s effect were compared. What is the main purpose of randomizing the allocation of participants into either treatment group?
Insure comparability between the two groups
Increased adherence
To ensure external validity
To ensure internal validity
Minimization of bias on the part of the researchers
Minimization of bias on the part of the researchers
A group of researchers conducted interviews of participants during a study comparing the relationship between vaping and lung cancer; however, the researchers were not blinded to group assignment. What type of bias is this study subject to?
Berkson’s Bias
Lead-time Bias
Interviewer Bias
Publication Bias
Selection Bias
Interviewer Bias
Which of the following is an example of a descriptive study?
Case Report
Case-Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Observational Study
Nested Case-Control Study
Case Report
Which type of analytical study designs is characterized by the simultaneous evaluation of an exposure and outcome?
Retrospective-Cohort
Case Report
Case-Control Study
Cross-sectional Study
Prospective- Cohort
Cross-sectional Study
What observational study design is best for the evaluation of a rare outcome?
Case-series
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Randomized Control Trial
Cross-sectional Study
Case-Control Study
What observational study design provides the best causal estimate of the relationship between an exposure and outcome?
Randomized Control Trial
Quasi-Experiment
Retrospective Cohort
Case-Control Study
Prospective Cohort
Prospective Cohort
Which of the following observational study designs allows an investigator to explore prevalence in a population?
Nested Case-Control Study
Prospective Cohort Study
Case-Study Study
Cross-sectional Study
Case-Cohort Study
Cross-sectional Study
In which of the following study designs are controls selected at the same time cases are identified within the framework of a cohort study?
Nested Case-Control Study
Retrospective Cohort Study
Case-Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Prospective Cohort Study
Nested Case-Control Study
In which of the following study designs can relative-risk be calculated?
Quasi-Experimental Study
Cross-sectional Study
Prospective Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Ecologic Study
Prospective Cohort Study
In which of the following study designs are participant’s disease or outcome free at the beginning of the study period?
Prospective Cohort Study
Ecologic Study
Case-Control Study
Retrospective Cohort Study
Case Series
Prospective Cohort Study
