Study Of Nails Flashcards
Protects the tips of the fingers or toes
Free edge
The nail is an ________ of the skin.
Appendage
The _________ is the half-moon shape at the base of the nail, which appears white due to a reflection of light at the point where the nail matrix meets nail bed.
Lunula
The _________ is the cuticle that overlaps the lunula at the base of the nail.
Eponychium
The ______ _______ is attached to the matrix at the base of the nail, under the skin and inside the mantle.
Nail root
The ________ is the pocket-like structure that holds the root and matrix.
Mantle
The ________ ________ has nerves and blood vessels that supply nourishment.
Nail bed
The _______ ________ are tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows.
Nail grooves
The _________ is the skin that touches, overlaps, and surrounds the nail.
Perionychium
The ______ is the skin under the free edge.
Hyponichium
Growth of a new nail plate takes about ____ to ____ months.
4, 6
Nails grow at an average of ____ per month.
1/8”
Nail growth is faster in _______ and can be affected by _______.
Summer, nutrition
Any disease, disorder, or condition of the nail is called an _________.
Onychosis
What do you do if a nail disease is present?
Stop service. Refer to physician.
A _______ nail is smooth, curved, and without hollows or wavy ridges.
Healthy
Tinea pedis
Athletes foot or ringworm
Symptoms of tinea pedis
Itching and peeling of skin on feet
What do you do if client has tinea pedis?
Refer to physician
Bacterial infection caused by infected hangnail
Paronychia
Prolonged exposure to _____ can cause paronychia
Water
Inflammation of nail matrix
Onychia
Onychatrophia is caused by _______ or _______ disease.
Injury, systemic
________ are indented vertical lines down the nail plate
Furrows
Furrows are _______ or ______ related.
Injury, illness
Ingrown nails
Onychocryptosis
How do you treat onychocryptosis?
Trim nail straight across.
Onychauxis is also known as ________.
Hypertrophy
Hangnails
Agnails
Agnails are caused by ______ and ______ cuticles.
Dry, split
Caused by blood trapped under nails or small capillaries hemorrhage
Bruised nails
White spots on nails
Leuconychia
Caused by injury to nail, heredity, systemic disorders, or nutritional deficiency
Leuconychia
Bitten nails
Onychophagy
Onychophagy is caused by ______ _______ or is _______ related.
Nervous habit, stress
How do you treat onychophagy?
Weekly nail service with polish
Split or brittle nails
Onychorrhexis
Caused by injury, improper filing, or harsh chemicals
Onychorrhexis
Indicated by yellow-green spot that becomes black
Fungus
What do you do if client shows signs of fungus?
Refer to physician.
Used to remove stains and whiten nails
Nail bleach
_______ ______ is used with warm water in finger bowl.
Liquid soap
Used to aid in fast drying of polish
Speed dry
Used to shorten and shape nails and smooth rough edges
Emery board
Wash implements with _____ and ______ then _______.
Soap, water, disinfect
According to the blood spill procedure, _________ implements with a broad spectrum _________.
Disinfect, disinfectant
Remove polish from _______ to ______.
Base, tip
First step of polishing
Base coat
Apply two coats of _______
Polish
Remove excess polish from ________ using orangewood stick wrapped in ______ and saturated in _______.
Skin, cotton, remover
When massaging during pedicure, apply pressure to the muscular tissue on either side of the _________.
Shinbone
Helpful for very dry, aging or abused hands and on ridged or brittle nails
Hot oil or cream manicure
The basic artificial nail systems
- Acrylic
- Nail wrap
- Gel nails
The correct size of nail tips should cover no more than ____ to ____ of the nail bed.
1/3, 1/2
______ and _____ clients hand before performing service.
Wash, sanitize
What do you do before applying acrylic nail form?
Apply dehydrant
What two things do you do after applying nail form?
Apply primer and form bead on brush
File and buff to balance nail and blend remaining acrylic to ______ _______ during a fill on service.
Nail growth
