Study Guides Flashcards
Study Guide 5
Although Jackson approved of a limited government and an agrarian economy he was forced to strengthen the presidency. Explain how he did this in regard to government offices, Congress, and the States.
Government Offices:
1) He removed many from their current positions.
2) His theory translated to the spoils system allowed for newly elected officials to remove unwanted people and appoint new ones that had been supporters of the winning party.
3) People who agree with are in and people who don’t are gone. This is true influence over people in office.
Congress:
1) Gave more power to executive to veto bills to pass through based on just opinion. He alone vetoed 12. Were on 5 until Jackson. Vetoes any disagreements.
The States:
1) South Carolina to follow tariff with Nullification Crisis, has problem with tariff
2) 3 steps of process, Recog or Nullify, Cong. Pass or fail, States accept or secede.
3) Jackson said they had no right to secede or nullify.
4) The Force Act this authorized the use of military against any state that resisted the tariff acts.
Study Guide 7
A) Define Manifest Destiny. B) Explain how it interacted with the slavery issue. C) Use example from the annexation of Texas, D) Use example from the annexation of Oregon, E) The Mexican-American War
A) Manifest Destiny was the ideology that all people of the US would inevitably expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Push political Ideologies. Chosen by god, to save the backwards European people of America and other areas we obtain. We would continue to push an agrarian America. Divine task and theory of “City on a Hill”
B) It had interacted with slavery because the idea behind Manifest Destiny was “all people” which includes slaves and immigrants. This encouraged problems as we obtained new lands and peoples there within.
C) The annexation of Texas, Jackson feared it would be a slave state and turned down originally. Slaves came here to grow cotton. The annexation would change balance of powers in government. This puts Van Buren election into bad position.
D) Annexation of Oregon, No one lived there, Missionaries sent there to convert Natives. Slave Power Conspiracy, slave states believe we are trying to make it non-slave state. 54º40 or fight, south connects to annexation of Oregon and North are willing to fight now. Polk our president takes up to 40, his thoughts are if you lose the war, you lose all territory. The south thought if its anti-slave then it’s not worth fighting for.
E) The Mexican-American war, Wilmot Provisio stated that no slavery shall exist in the Mexican acquired land. Senate turns down many times. John C. Calhoun says as per Constitution we have right to slavery. The south think slave owners should be able to take slaves where they want. Also want government protection to do so into new territory.
Study Guide 8
A) The Presidency of James Buchanan saw the cementing of positions in the North and South that led to Civil War. Describe the events that convinced the North of a Slave Power Conspiracy and the South that they should have a siege mentality. Finally explain why the South decided to secede and why Buchanan did nothing to stop it.
The north started to believe in a slave power conspiracy when the gag rule was enacted by House of representatives. Setting any law about slavery aside. Also, anything to congress in regard to slavery, would be set aside. Fugitive Slave law-encourage judges to say yes in court by paying them $10 to convict slaves. Kansas-Nebraska Act was popular sovereignty, loop holes in voting that allowed southerners to cross into the states to vote on slave law, could push slavery North. Taney of Supreme Court rules Missouri compromise unconstitutional in Dredd Scott Case, owners can take slaves anywhere. Franklin Pierce enforced slave law.
Siege Mentality starts with the publishing of Uncle Toms Cabin- Which portrayed sympathies for a slave and her struggles. They have to be prepared for an attack.
The North had Personal Liberty Laws requiring caught slaves: a lawyer and be set in front of a jury not a judge. Creation of Republican party and wants to prevent expansion of slavery into new territories. John Brown attempt to overthrow Harpers Ferry a Fed Armory with slaves. Election of Lincoln and he is a republican. Abe Lincoln wants to prevent slave expansion; the south thinks because he is a republican that it would eventually lead to end of slavery.
They decide to secede due to the Crittenden Compromise not being signed and no concessions. The south feels each state has right to choose free state or not.
Buchannan does nothing because, he has no northern support, southern advisors leave and wants to keep peace.
