Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 160 UNIT 4 > Study Guide Terms > Flashcards

Study Guide Terms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Haploid

A

Cell with single set of unpaired chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nucleotide

A

Form basic structural unit of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cytosine

A

One of the four main bases, Pairs with Guanine, Pyrimidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Guanine

A

One of the four main bases, Pairs with Cytosine, Purine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adenine

A

One of the four main bases, Pairs with Thymine, Purine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thymine

A

One of the four main bases, Pairs with Adenine, Pyrimidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Histone

A

Group of proteins found in chromatid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Meiosis

A

Type of cell division that results in four daughter cells , each having half the chromosomes as parent cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

G-1 Period

A

Part of interphase , cell grows physically larger, copies organelles, and makes the molecular building blocks it will need in later steps.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

S Period

A

the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the DNA in its nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes line up on metaphase plate, attached to spindle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Telophase

A

Chromosomes relax , spindle breaks down, new membrane is created around the two different sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prophase 1

A

Condensing chromosome , get rid of MB and nucleolus , find pairs and crossover happens. Without crossing over there would only be 2 combinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anaphase 1

A

Separate homogulous pairs , establish haploid conidition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prophase 2

A

Condense chromosomes , make spindle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anaphase 2

A

Move chromatids apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Uses Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Crossing over

A

happens during Meiosis ( Prophase 1 ) exchange segments of chromosomes for genetic diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Centromere

A

Holds sister chromatids together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Homologous chromosome

A

Chromosome pairs , same centromere position , same gene locations and gene types ( can have different variations ex, One positive for tongue roll and the other negative, but same gene type )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Diploid

A

Cell containing two complete sets of chromosomes

23
Q

Primary spermatocytes

A

After interphase , Diploid , Goes through Meiosis 1 , Product is Secondary Spermatocyte

24
Q

Spermatid

A

Com from Secondary Spermatocyte.
Male sex cell formed from a spermatocyte.
Haploid

25
Q

Oogonium

A

Happens in the ovaries , produces ovum

26
Q

Secondary oocyte

A

Haploid , go through meiosis 2

27
Q

Ovum

A

gamete produced by female

28
Q

Semiconservative

A

relating to or being genetic replication in which a double-stranded molecule of nucleic acid separates into two single strands

29
Q

Purine

A

Adenine Guanine , Double ring base

30
Q

Pyrimidine

A

Cytosine Thymine , Single ring base

31
Q

DNA Polymerase

A

enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides,

32
Q

RNA Polymerase

A

enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence,

33
Q

DNA Ligase

A

enzyme which can connect two strands of DNA together by forming a bond between the phosphate group of one strand and the deoxyribose group on another.

34
Q

Chromosome

A

A structure in all living cells that consists of a single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries genes

35
Q

Mitosis

A

Asexual reproduction , Heal and Grow , Cell division where result is same number of chromosomes that the cell started with

36
Q

Interphase

A

Where DNA is replicated ( Only applies to Interphase 1 )

Interphase 2 no replication , resting

37
Q

G-2 Period

A

Produces organelles and protein to get the cell started

38
Q

Prophase

A

Condensing , Form spindle , get rid of nucleolus and MB

39
Q

Anaphase

A

Pulls away from metephase plate / each other

40
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Part of cell division where the two new cells are formed

41
Q

Metaphase 1

A

Line homogolous pairs up , independent assortment

42
Q

Telophase 1

A

Chromosomes gather at the two sides of cell and get ready for division. New MB forms around the two soon to be new cells

43
Q

Metaphase 2

A

Chromosomes line up at metaphase plate

44
Q

Telophase 2

A

MB forms around each new set of chromosomes

45
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Fusion of haploid female gamete and haploid male gamete

46
Q

Independent assortment

A

How homogolous pairs line up on the metaphase plate

47
Q

Chromatids

A

One half of a replicated chromosome

48
Q

DNA Hilicase

A

Unwinds the DNA

49
Q

Spermatocyte

A

Male germ cell , divides into spermatids through meiosis

50
Q

Secondary Spermatocyte

A

Goes through Meiosis 2

51
Q

Sperm

A

Male gamete

52
Q

Primary oocyte

A

Produced in the ovary during female gametogenesis

53
Q

Polar Body

A

bud off from an oocyte at the two meiotic divisions and do not develop into ova.

54
Q

Gamete

A

Cells used during sexual reproduction , Sperm and Ova

Biology 160 UNIT 4 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions