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Biology 160 UNIT 4 > Study Guide Questions 1 > Flashcards

Study Guide Questions 1 Flashcards

1
Q

This macromolecule is made of the following three molecules : pentose sugar , phosphate , and a nitrogenous base .

A

DNA

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2
Q

Adenine will form two hydrogen bonds to which DNA nucleotide

A

Thymine

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3
Q

A purine will bind to which molecule in the above list

A

Thymine or Cytosine

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4
Q

These nucleotides have a nitrogenous base that has a double ring structure

A

Purine

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5
Q

These neculeotides have a nitrogenous base that has as single ring structure

A

Pyrimidine

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6
Q

What is the name of the protein portion of the chromosome

A

Histones

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7
Q

The most descriptive term for DNA replication

A

?

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8
Q

Cytosine will form three hydrogen bonds to which DNA nucleotide

A

Guanine

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9
Q

Which molecule is responsible for connecting individual nucleotides to each other during DNA replication? The direction of nucleotide binding is from the 5’ to 3’ direction

A

DNA polymerase

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10
Q

A molecule which is composed of two strands twisted into a double helix

A

DNA

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11
Q

This cellular structure is composed of deoxyribonucleotides and protein

A

Chromosome

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12
Q

The result of which process produces two new cells having half the number of chromosomes from the original cell

A

Meiosis

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13
Q

The result of which process produces two new cells having the same number of chromosomes from the original cell

A

Mitosis

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14
Q

What is the name of the process that divides the cytoplasm into two nearly equal cytoplasmic masses

A

Cytokinesis

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15
Q

During which phases of mitosis does the chromosome consist of two sister chromatids

A

Metaphase

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16
Q

If the original chromosomal number of a cell is 48 and the product of cell division has 24 chromosomes, which type of cell division took place ?

A

Meiosis

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17
Q

What is the proper sequence of phases for mitosis

A

Interphase , Prophase , Metaphase , Anaphase , Telophase , Cytokinesis

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18
Q

Which type of cell division produces siter chromatidds that are not identical due to breakage and moving of the DNA

A

Meiosis

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19
Q

What is the proper sequence of periods and phases for meiosis

A

Interphase Prophase , Metaphase , Anaphase , Telophase , Cytokinesis , Prophase 2 , Metaphase 2 , Anaphase 2 , Telophase 2 , Cytokinesis 2

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20
Q

In what period is the DNA molecule replicated

A

Interphase

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21
Q

This process produces daughter cells that are indenticle to each other

A

Mitosis

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22
Q

What is the last period of interphase

A

G-2 Period

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23
Q

This process produces daughter cells that are indentical to the parent cell

A

Mitosis

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24
Q

The period that precedes DNA Replication

A

G-1 Period

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25
This process produces daughter cells that are not identical to each other
Meiosis
26
During which of the three parts of the cell cycle is the nucleus divided
S Period ???
27
This process produces daughter cells that are not identical to the parent cell
Meiosis
28
What period of the cell cycle is followed by cytokinesis
Telophase
29
Genetic variation is produced by what mechanisms
Crossing over and Independent assortment
30
If a human cell has 23 chromosomes what would its ploidy be
Haploid
31
This special protein holds two replicated DNA strands together
DNA polymerase
32
What is the ploidy of a gamete
Haploid
33
This protein attaches sister chromatids to each other
Cohesin ??
34
If a cells chromosomal number is 66 what would the ploidy be
Diploid
35
During what phase are the chromosomes lined up at the spindle equater
Metaphasse
36
If a cell has two complete sets of chromosomes what type of ploidy is it
Diploid
37
Condensation of the chromosomes occurs during this phase
Prophase
38
When in the cell cycle are the genes replicated
Interphase
39
When do the centromeres separate allowing the chromsomes to move the opposite poles of the cell?
Anaphase
40
During which phase do the microtubular spindle fibers attach to the centromere
Metaphase
41
What process is absolutely necessaru for sexual reproduction to take place?
Meiosis
42
These structures are indentical until crossing over occurs
Homogulous Pairs?
43
These structures pair up during meoisis
Homogulous pairs
44
Chromosomes that have the same number of genes in the same location that code for the same proteins and are the same length are called
Homogulous pairs
45
When does crossing over occur
Prophase 1
46
During what phase do the homologous pairs line up at the spindle equator
Metaphase
47
By what mechanisms is genetic variation produced
Crossing over , Independent Assortment
48
These structures are helf together by a centromere
Two chromatids ? / Chromosome
49
During which phase of meiosis does the chromosome consist of two sister chromatids
Interphase ?
50
During what hase does the formation of homologous pairs occur
Prophase
51
By the end of what phase is the chromosome number reduced by half
Cytokenisis
52
In what phase of meiosis do the centromeres separate?
Anaphase 2
53
During what phase do the homologous pairs separate?
Anaphase
54
During what phase of mitosis do the centromeres separate
Anaphase
55
What molecule is responsible for connecting the Okazaki fragments together during DNA replication
ligase
56
What molecule is responsible for unwinding the DNA molecule during DNA replication
DNA helicase
57
The result of this type of reproduction produces new cells having half the numbr of chromosomes from the original cell
Meiosis
58
The result of this type of reproduction produces new cells having the same number of chromosomes from the original cell
Mitosis
59
This type of reproduction produces daughter cells that are identical to each other
Mitosis
60
This type of reproduction produces daughter cells that are not identical to the parent cell
Meiosis
61
During what period are the genes replicated ?
S phase / Interphase
62
This type of cell division produces daughter cells that are identical to each other
Mitosis

Biology 160 UNIT 4 (5 decks)

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