study guide summative 9/10/24 (chapter 1.1,1.2,1.4) Flashcards
what are environmental value systems (EVS)
a system is an assemblage of parts and the relationship between them, which together constitute an entity or whole
what is 1 input and 1 output in a EVS
inputs: education
culture influence
economic factors
the media
outputs: perspectives
decisions
course of action
what are:
closed ,open ,isolated systems
closed: no matter exchange but energy exchange (ex. earth)
open: matter and energy exchange freely (ex. river)
isolated: no matter and no energy exchange (ex. universe)
what does technocentric mean?
assumes all environmental issues can be resolved through technology
technology can keep pace and provide solutions to environmental issues
recourse replacement can solve recourse depletion
scientific research is encouraged
what does anthropocentric mean?
humans are responsible for sustaining global systems through control of population and recourse use
what does ecocentric mean?
holistic and sustainable worldview minimum disturbance of nature
sees nature as having pre-eminent importance and intrustic value
prefer to work with nature environmental systems to solve problems
what are 3 examples of environmental movement?
James Lovelock (Gaia theory) (1979)
Chernobyl disaster (1986)
Rio earth Declaration (1992)
what is the difference between transfer and transformation?
transfer is the movement of matter or energy without change in form. Transformation includes a change in the form, state or composition of matter or energy. It results in a new product or a difference form of energy.
what are some strengths and limitations of models?
strengths: allows scientists to simplify complex systems
predict what will happen if there’s changes
limitations: many assumptions have to be made= so climate models may be inaccurate
people can interpret models in different ways environment factors are very complex ,it may be impossible to take all variants into account
what is sustainability?
the use and management of recourses that allow full natural replacement of the recourses exploited and full recovery of the ecosystem affected by their extraction and use
what is ecological footprint?
ecological footprint represents the hypothetical area of land by a society group or individuals to fulfill their recourses need and assimilation of wastes
what’s an example for unsustainable use of recourses?
overfishing and mismanagement of fish stocks in the 70s-90s led to a rapid decline in cod numbers and economic problems
