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SOCIAL STUDIES > STUDY GUIDE ? FOR MIDTERM > Flashcards

STUDY GUIDE ? FOR MIDTERM Flashcards

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1
Q

Give some examples of natural resources in Siberia.

A

Minerals, coal, timber, gas, and oil

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2
Q

What happened to religion under the Soviets?

A

Prohibited or not allowed

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3
Q

Where/when did Confucianism originate?

A

China 2500 years ago

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4
Q

What is a big problem for Japan today with concern to waste and how are they trying to fix it?

A
  • -Too much garbage and nowhere to put it

- -Sending it to the Philippines

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5
Q

What are Japan and South Korea’s relationships with the US like today?

A

Economic partners

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6
Q

What has water pollution in China caused?

A

Disease, cancer and illness

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7
Q

What were the effects of the Meiji Restoration?

A

Japan became more modernized and industrialized

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8
Q

What is a pollution issue with the water in China?

A
  • -Pesticides
  • -Pollution from factories
  • -Acid rain
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9
Q

In the 1980’s Mikhail Gorbachev implemented two policies. What were they called? Explain each.

A
  • -Glasnost- allowed criticism of the government “openness”

- -Perestroika- Restructuring of the economy and government, no more central planning

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10
Q

What does it mean if a country is considered homogeneous?

A
  • -Ethnically the same

- Example: Most people who live in China are ethnically Chinese

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11
Q

What is the area west of the Ural Mountains in Russia called? What is its largest city?

A

European Russia

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12
Q

What was the goal of the USSR during the Cold War?

A

To spread communism

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13
Q

What can its literacy rate help tell you about a country’s economy?

A
  • -The higher the literacy rate the better the economy

- People are more educated and better for a growing workforce

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14
Q

What is another name for lines of latitude?

A

Parallels

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15
Q

What countries of East Asia are considered homogeneous?

A
  • -All of East Asia

- Example: Most people who live in China are ethnically Chinese

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16
Q

What type of energy is China trying to use instead of nonrenewable resources like coal?

A

Hydroelectric (water)

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17
Q

Where is most of China’s population concentrated? Why?

A

South East and East because of industrialization of major cities

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18
Q

How are farmers trying to fix the problem of erosion?

A

Building terraces and levees

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19
Q

What is the region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn referred as?

A

“The Tropics”

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20
Q

What is cultural diffusion?

A

Spreading and Mixing of cultures

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21
Q

What is Place?

A
  • -What makes this place different from others?
  • -Examples: Physical and human differences
  • -Beach vs. Mountains
  • -City vs. farm house
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22
Q

What are some pros and cons of the loess?

A
  • -Pros:
  • Very fertile
  • -Cons:
  • Very fine and light so it can fly away easily
  • Causes a lot of erosion
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23
Q

How does Japan’s geography affect where their people live?

A

Most live in city centers and valleys

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24
Q

What landform is Japan?

A

Archipelago and mountainous

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25
Q

South Korea is small but has a great deal of environmental issues especially extreme pollution in and around cities. How are they trying to fix it?

A

Burning it to ash and then using residual energy for heating and cooling

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26
Q

What are four major cities of China today because of migration?

A
  • -Beijing
  • -Shenzhen
  • -Guangzhou
  • -Shanghai
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27
Q

Why did people move from farms to the cities in China?

A

Why did people move from farms to the cities in China?

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28
Q

What are some pros and cons of the 3 Gorges Dam?

A
  • -Pros:
  • Increases access to renewable energy
  • Helps prevent flooding
  • -Cons:
  • Damage to the land
  • Built on earthquake fault lines
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29
Q

Why does China have enormous energy needs?

A

Enormous Population

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30
Q

What is the Huang He River nicknamed? Explain why.

A
  • -“The Ungovernable”
  • -“China’s Sorrow”
  • -Because of the devastating floods
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31
Q

What is loess?

A
  • -Soil found along the Yellow River

- -Sand from Gobi desert combines with silt

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32
Q

Give an example of cultural diffusion in East Asia.

A

Korea using China as a model for their own judicial system

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33
Q

What are the countries of East Asia?

A
  • -6 countries:
  • Japan
  • China
  • Mongolia
  • North Korea
  • South Korea
  • Taiwan
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34
Q

What is GDP?

A

Gross Domestic Product (good indicator of strength of economy)

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35
Q

What is literacy rate?

A

The percentage of people that can read and write

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36
Q

What are the two types of infrastructure?

A
  • -Hard= roads and bridges and buildings

- -Soft= ideas, communication

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37
Q

What is infrastructure?

A

Foundation or framework of organization

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38
Q

What group does the Taliban specifically persecute?

A

Women and Shiite Muslims

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39
Q

What is the Taliban known for?

A
  • -Oppression

- -Strict control

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40
Q

What is Region?

A
  • -How can the earth be divided into areas of study?
  • -By Government
  • -By service or function (fire stations)
  • -By physical characteristics
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41
Q

What was the Taliban’s role in 9/11?

A

Kept organizer (Osama bin Laden) safe

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42
Q

What is the name of the group in charge in Afghanistan?

A

Taliban

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43
Q

Where are most of the urban areas located in North and South Korea? What is most of the rest of the country made up of?

A
  • -In the valleys

- -Mountains

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44
Q

What religions and ideologies did the three major kingdoms of Korea rely on?

A

Confucianism and Buddhism

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45
Q

What were the three major kingdoms of Korea?

A
  • -Shilla
  • -Koguryo
  • -Paekche
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46
Q

When/how did Daoism originate?

A
  • -Around 2500 years ago

- -Started by Laozi

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47
Q

Who does Mongolia maintain a close relationship with? What are some examples that provide evidence to this relationship?

A
  • -Russia because of their close proximity

- -Use of Russian characters in language

48
Q

What happened in China following WWII that caused a tough relationship with the west?

A
  • -Fell to communism

- Human rights issues

49
Q

What did Japan do during the early 20th century (1900s) that led to issues within the region and the US?

A
  • -Invaded other Nations:

- Korea and Japan

50
Q

What was the program to modernize Japan called?

A

Meiji Restoration

51
Q

Japan had a closed door policy to foreigners but eventually changed their mind. Who forced them to make this shift?

A

US Naval officer Commodore Matthew Perry

52
Q

What does Christianity look like today?

A

Small amounts of Christians today in East Asia, most in South Korea

53
Q

What happened to Christians in East Asia for much of their history?

A

They were oppressed

54
Q

What does Christianity focus on?

A

Monotheistic (belief in one God)

55
Q

How did Christianity originate?

A

Came with the arrival of the Europeans

56
Q

What does Daoism focus on?

A
  • -Want to live natural simple lives
  • -Balance in Nature:
  • Yin and Yang
  • Yin= Dark side
  • Yang= light side
57
Q

What does Shamanism focus on?

A
  • -Healing and protection
  • -Leaders have magical powers
  • -Spirits exist on earth
58
Q

What is corruption?

A

Use of political power for personal gain

59
Q

When/where did Shamanism originate?

A
  • -Local regions

- -Not sure when it began

60
Q

What does Shintoism look like today?

A

Still exists and is practiced in Japan

61
Q

What does Shintoism focus on?

A
  • -Combines Buddhism and Confucianism

- -Want humans to be happy

62
Q

When did Shintoism originate?

A

Originated in Japan many centuries ago

63
Q

What does Confucianism look like today?

A

Still a framework for society today

64
Q

What does Confucianism focus on?

A
  • -Act according to status in life
  • 4 relationships:
  • Ruler to subject
  • Husband to wife
  • Parent to child
  • Older sibling to younger sibling
  • -Show respect to leaders
65
Q

How is Mongolian food different from other East Asian countries? Why?

A
  • -Landlocked

- -Mostly meat

66
Q

How is Japanese food different from other East Asian regions? Why?

A
  • -Eat sushi

- -Island nation

67
Q

Why is food so different depending where in China you are?

A
  • -Bottom line: dependent on region
  • Those that live inland away from fertile land eat meat predominantly
  • Those that live by the water would eat seafood
68
Q

How did Korea act as a cultural bridge between Japan and China?

A
  • -Ideas from China would travel to Korea

- -They would then move as people traveled to and from Korea for work and travel to Japan

69
Q

What are some examples of corruption that exist in Russia?

A

Bribery, blackmail, threats

70
Q

What happened as a result of the Taliban’s choice to protect Osama bin Laden?

A

US invaded

71
Q

What are some negatives of central planning?

A
  • -Not flexible

- -Economy grew slowly

72
Q

What is another name for lines of longitude?

A

Meridians

73
Q

What are some pros of central planning?

A
  • -Keeps unemployment low

- -Allows for public projects

74
Q

What is a tsar?

A
  • -Russia king
  • -Russian word for Caesar
  • -Emperor
75
Q

What are some geographic reasons why travel is so difficult in Central Asia?

A
  • -Mountainous
  • -Landlocked
  • -Difficult terrain (arid)
  • -Poor infrastructure (roads)
76
Q

What were most of the Semi-nomadic people forced to do when the Soviet Union moved in and took power?

A

Moved to cities, became stationary, many work in factories

77
Q

Why is Central Asia suited for Semi-nomadic herders?

A

Little water, unsuitable environment for growing crops (hard to farm)

78
Q

What major technological advancement connects eastern and western Russia?

A

Trans-Siberian Railroad

79
Q

The Siberian region contains the country’s what?

A

Natural Resources

80
Q

What is the area east of the Ural mountains called?

A

Siberia

81
Q

What is European Russia’s largest city?

A

Moscow

82
Q

Where can the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn be found?

A

23.5 degrees north and south of the equator

83
Q

How are lines of longitude measured?

A

Degrees, time zones

84
Q

What is longitude?

A
  • -Invisible vertical lines that run north to south

- -Help determine absolute location

85
Q

What are three positive things Catherine the Great did for the Russian people?

A
  • -Westernized Russia (become like Western Europe)
  • -Revitalized culture and education
  • -Reformed the legal system
86
Q

How are lines of latitude measured measured?

A

With degrees and they separate or determine climate zones

87
Q

What is latitude?

A
  • -Invisible horizontal lines run east to west
  • -Parallel to equator
  • -Can be used to find absolute location
88
Q

What does the Prime Meridian do?

A

Splits the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres

89
Q

Where is the Prime Meridian found?

A

0 degrees longitude (north to south)

90
Q

What is the Prime meridian?

A

Imaginary line, splits the earth in half vertically

91
Q

What does the equator do?

A

Splits earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres

92
Q

Where is the equator found?

A

0 degrees latitude (east to west)

93
Q

What is the equator?

A

Imaginary line splits earth in half horizontally

94
Q

What is movement?

A
  • -What are patterns of movement of people, products and information?
  • -Things that can move:
  • People (migration)
  • Goods
  • Ideas
  • Objects
  • Information
  • Communication
95
Q

What is Location?

A
  • -Where are things located?
  • -Absolute location (coordinates)
  • -Relative location (where it is in relation to something else)
96
Q

What is Human-Environment Interaction?

A
  • -What are the relationships between people and their places?
  • -Adaptation (you change)
  • -Modification (you change your surroundings)
  • -Dependence
97
Q

When did Catherine the Great rule Russia?

A

1700s

98
Q

What are some examples of how East Asia has influenced the West?

A
  • -Martial Arts
  • -Anime and entertainment
  • -Food (east Asian cuisine is very popular within the US)
99
Q

What was the Silk Road?

A

Route from Asia to Eastern Europe where ideas and goods were exchanged

100
Q

When did the Bolshevik Revolution begin in Russia?

A

1917 (lasted for 5 years)

101
Q

What is central planning?

A

Government control over most economy decisions

102
Q

How was the Russian Federation organized following the collapse of communism?

A
  • -Legislative:
  • 2 houses
  • Federation Council and Duma
  • 4 year Terms
  • -Courts:
  • -Courts:
  • Highest = Supreme Arbitration
  • Chosen by president and approved federation council
  • -Executive:
  • Called president
  • 6 year terms
  • 2 consecutive
  • Current= Putin
103
Q

What happened to religion when the Soviet Union came to an end?

A

People were able to practice their religion freely again (churches reopened)

104
Q

What is the most popular religion of Russia?

A

Russian Orthodoxy

105
Q

When did the Soviet Union come to an end?

A

1991

106
Q

The Soviet Union engaged in combat in which Central Asian country from 1979-1989?

A

Afghanistan

107
Q

What was the goal of the US and Great Britain during the Cold War?

A

Prevent the spread of communism (contain or stop the spread)

108
Q

What type of people were sent to gulags?

A

Political prisoners and anyone against the regime

109
Q

What were the prisons called under Joseph Stalin’s rule?

A

Gulags

110
Q

Who was Joseph Stalin?

A

Brutal dictator of the Soviet Union (USSR)

111
Q

Under communism what class of people were considered the most important?

A

Working class (proletariat)

112
Q

What was the Civil War that sparked the start of communism called?

A

Bolshevik Revolution

113
Q

What were pogroms?

A
  • -Persecution of Jews in Russia
  • Riots
  • Imprisonments
  • Expulsion**
  • Killed
114
Q

Who brought Islam to Central Asia?

A

–Arab Empire

115
Q

What group was affected by pogroms?

A

Jews

116
Q

What denomination of Islam are most people in the region today?

A

–Sunni Muslim

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