Study Guide - Chapter 1

Question 1

What are requirements of organism

Answer 1

water, food, oxygen, heat and pressure

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

study of structure of body parts including their forms and organization

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

study of the functions of body parts (what they do and how they do it)

Question 4

What are the levels or organization

Answer 4

atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 5

atom - LO

Answer 5

(smallest chemical structure) smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element (hydrogen, lithium)

Question 6

molecule - LO

Answer 6

(comprised of atoms) particle composed of two or more joined atoms (water, glucose)

Question 7

macromolecule - LO

Answer 7

(comprised of molecules) very large molecule (proteins, DNA)

Question 8

organelle - LO

Answer 8

(comprised of macromolecules) a structure or compartment in cells that houses the biochemical reactions that carry out a specific function (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, nuclei)

Question 9

cell - LO

Answer 9

(comprised of organelles) the structural and functional unit of an organism (muscle cells, nerve cells)

Question 10

tissue - LO

Answer 10

(comprised of cells) assembled group of similar cells that performs a specialized function (squamous epithelium, loose connective tissue)

Question 11

organ - LO

Answer 11

(comprised of tissues) structure consisting of two or more tissues with a specialized function (skin, femur, heart, kidney)

Question 12

organ system - LO

Answer 12

(comprised of organs) groups of organs that function closely together (integumentary system, skeletal system, digestive system)

Question 13

organism - LO

Answer 13

(comprised of organ systems) interacting organ systems (human)

Question 14

movement - CL

Answer 14

change in body position or body part position - includes motions of internal organs

Question 15

responsiveness - CL

Answer 15

reaction to a change taking place inside or outside the body

Question 16

growth - CL

Answer 16

an increase in body size

Question 17

reproduction - CL

Answer 17

production of new organisms and new cells

Question 18

respiration - CL

Answer 18

process of obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and releasing energy from foods (exchange of gasses - body to atmosphere)

Question 19

digestion - CL

Answer 19

breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used.

Question 20

absorption - CL

Answer 20

passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids

Question 21

circulation - CL

Answer 21

movement of substances from place to place in body fluids

Question 22

assimilation - CL

Answer 22

changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms

Question 23

excretion - CL

Answer 23

removal of waste produced by metabolic reactions

Question 24

metabolism - CL

Answer 24

the sum of all physical and chemical events that obtain, release and utilize energy

Question 25

appendicular - BC

Answer 25

pertaining to upper and lower limbs

Question 26

axial - BC

Answer 26

pertaining to head, neck and trunk

Question 27

viscera - BC

Answer 27

organs within a body cavity

Question 28

thoracic cavity - BC

Answer 28

space containing organs in upper trunk - separated from abdominopelvic cavity by diaphragm - contains lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea and thymus gland

Question 29

pleural cavity - BC

Answer 29

potential space between pleural membranes

Question 30

mediastinum - BC

Answer 30

the region in the thoracic cavity between the lungs

Question 31

pericardial cavity - BC

Answer 31

??? heart

Question 32

abdominopelvic cavity - BC

Answer 32

the abdominal and pelvic cavity

Question 33

abdominal cavity - BC

Answer 33

space betweeeen the diaphragm and the pelvic inlet that contains the abdominal viscera - contains the stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, small and large intestine

Question 34

pelvic cavity - BC

Answer 34

contains end of large intestine, the urinary bladder and the internal reproductive organs

Question 35

vertebral (spinal) cavity - BC

Answer 35

houses spinal cord (surrounded by sections of backbone)

Question 36

four smaller cavities in head - BC

Answer 36

oral, nasal, orbital and middle ear (cavities)