Study Guide 7th grade science Flashcards
What happens during photosynthesis?
What happens during photosynthesis?
List the reactants for photosynthesis.
Sunlight + Water + Carbon dioxide (Sunlight + H20 + CO2 )
List the products for photosynthesis.
Sugar + Oxygen (C6H12O6 + 6 O2)
In what organelle does photosynthesis occur? In plant or animal cells or both?
The organelle photosynthesis occurs in is Chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight and converts it to glucose. Plant cells do photosynthesis.
What color does chlorophyll reflect?
Green. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight and converts it to glucose.
What happens during cellular respiration?
Cells breakdown glucose and oxygen to make ATP (energy), water, and carbon dioxide
List the reactants for cellular respiration.
(Sugar/Glucose + Oxygen) C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2
List the products for cellular respiration.
ATP (Energy) and Carbon Dioxide and Water (ATP + 6 H2O + 6 CO2)
In what organelle does cellular respiration occur? In plant or animal cells or both?
In Mitochondria. Mitochondria break down glucose to make energy (ATP). This occurs in BOTH plant and animal cells.
Define Law of Conservation of Energy.
The law of conservation of energy says that energy can never be created or destroyed, just converted from one form into another.
This law applies to all forms of energy.
What happens to the total amount of energy in a system? What happens to energy in wood when it is burning?
The total amount of energy stays the same because the energy is just being converted from one form to another. When wood burns the chemical (potential) energy stored in the wood is converted to thermal (heat) and light energy.
What are Biotic factors? Give examples.
Living organisms in ecosystems are called biotic factors. Examples trees, animals and insects.
What are Abiotic factors? Give examples.
The abiotic factors in an ecosystem are the physical and chemical factors that living organisms require for survival, such as air and water. Examples: Rocks, water, soil.
What is an ecosystem?
A community and its interactions with the abiotic (never-living) environment.
What is a population?
All of the individuals of a single species in a particular area make a population.
What is a community?
Individuals from all of the populations form the community
What is a Producer?
Give an example.
Living organisms which make their own food through photosynthesis .
Examples: plants, trees, flowers
What is a Consumer?
Give an example
Living organisms which obtain food by eating other organisms.
Examples: Animals, insects, humans
What is a Decomposer?
Give an example
A decomposer is an organism that decomposes, or breaks down, organic material such as the remains of dead organisms.
Examples: bacteria and fungi
What is an Indicator Species?
Give an example
Indicator species serve as early warnings that a community or an ecosystem is being damaged.
Example: frogs and fish
What is a Keystone Species?
Give an example
Important species whose role in the ecosystem acts to prevent the collapse of the ecosystem.
Example: Sea otters keep sea urchin populations under control.
What is Mutualism?
Give an example
In a mutualism, both species benefit from the relationship.
Example: Clownfish and sea anemone
What is Parasitism?
Give an example
Parasitism occurs when one species benefits and the other is harmed.
Example: Tape worm in animal’s digestive system.
What is Commensalism?
Give an example
Commensalism is a relationship in which one species benefits but neither harms nor helps the other species.
Example: Barnacles living on a whale.
What is Symbiosis?
Give an example
A relationship in which species live together and one, or both, species are dependent on the other.
Examples: Clownfish and sea anemone, barnacles on a whale
Where does all of the energy in the ecosystem come from?
All of the energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun. The sun supports photosynthesis and drives climate and weather systems
What is the difference between a food web and a food chain?
A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains. A food chain is made up of producers -> consumers -> decomposers.
Each level of food chain contains a certain amount of?
Each feeding level in a food chain or web contains a certain amount of energy
What is the definition of Primary Succession?
Primary succession occurs when there is no soil in a terrestrial ecosystem, such as after a volcanic eruption.
Soil begins to form when pioneer species, such as lichen, attach themselves to rocks and begin to break them down to form soil .
What is an example of Primary Succession?
Lichen attach themselves to rocks and break them down to form soil.
What is the definition of Secondary Succession?
Secondary succession occurs in an area where the natural community has been disturbed, removed, or destroyed but the soil remains.
What is an example of Secondary Succession?
Old field or on an abandoned farm
Define sustainability.
The ability to maintain an ecological balance.
Define disturbances.
A change in environmental conditions that disrupts an ecosystem or community. The disturbance can be
catastrophic or gradual and may be caused by natural or human-related changes
How can human actions disrupt the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem?
Oil spills, pollution, cutting down trees and building cities can disrupt the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem.
