Study Guide 4

Question 1

Guano Age

Answer 1

bird droppings were a rich natural fertilizer in Peru, their monoculture (1830s-1870s)

Question 2

General Juan Alvarado

Answer 2

(Peru) gained power in 1968 in coup, reformer: land, industrial, literacy programs, voter registration drives, etc

Question 3

Sendero Luminoso aka The Shining Path

Answer 3

guerilla group founded by Abinael Guzman that emerged in the impoverished highlands of Peru

Question 4

Abinael Guzman

Answer 4

inspired by Chinese communists, gained support from Peruvian people while drawing military deep into countryside, stretching their supply lines, funded by illegal export of coca

Question 5

Che Guevara

Answer 5

Born in Argentina, goes to Bolivia to support resistance, doesn’t like U.S. after seeing what happened in Guatemala, meets Castro in Mexico and joins their movement, starts guerilla force in Bolivia

Question 6

Operation Blast Furnace

Answer 6

inviting U.S. troops to join with Bolivian military in 1986 to stop rebellion movement

Question 7

Generation of 1880

Answer 7

elite oligarchy in Argentina “PAN party” in power from 1880-1916, economically liberal, socially conservative

Question 8

Radical Party (Argentina)

Answer 8

election of 1916, actually not that differenct from gen 1880, suppressive

Question 9

Juan and Evita Peron

Answer 9

(after military takes full control of Argentina) secretary of labor, in 1946, Juan becomes president and Evita is his wife and loved by the people

Question 10

Isabel Peron

Answer 10

Juan Peron’s second wife after Evita dies, becomes, Juan appointed her Vice president, and she becomes President when Juan dies but she sucks because she has no political experience and is overthrown by the military ofc

Question 11

Bureaucratic Authoritarian State

Answer 11

1966-1973 when Argentina was governed by a military dictatorship, super bad, repressive, torture, kidnappings, executions, lack of political freedom, economic instability

Question 12

Getulio Vargas

Answer 12

Brazilian leader from 1930 to 1945, modernization/industrialization, has military support, serves longer than “allowed” bc Estado Nova

Question 13

Estado Nova

Answer 13

Getulio Vargas of Brazil- “Emergency doctoral powers,” dissolved congress, no elections, bc need more time for industrialization, claims doctoral powers, limited civil rights

Question 14

Brasilia

Answer 14

“Futuristic city,” new capital of Brazil, modern highways, nontraditional architecture, opens Brazil up to foreign investment