Study Guide

Question 0

Heredity-

Answer 0

The passing of physical characteristics from parents to the offspring. Ex. Hereditary diseases.

Question 1

Trait-

Answer 1

A physical characteristic of an organism passed down from an ancestor. Ex. Hair color, eye color, height.

Question 2

Genetics-

Answer 2

The scientific study of heredity.

Question 3

Purebred-

Answer 3

Homozygous; an organism that always produces offspring with the same form of the trait as the parent. Ex. P generation.

Question 4

Hybrid-

Answer 4

Heterozygous; organism that has two different alleles for a trait.

Question 5

Gene-

Answer 5

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.

Question 6

Allele-

Answer 6

The different forms of a gene. Ex. F(dominant)f(recessive)

Question 7

Dominant allele-

Answer 7

An allele whose trait always show up an organism when the allele is present

Question 8

Recessive allele

Answer 8

An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.

Question 9

Punnett square-

Answer 9

A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

An expressed trait.

Question 11

Genotype

Answer 11

An organism’s genetic makeup or allele combination.

Question 12

Gregor Mendel-

Answer 12

The father of genetics, Mendel was a priest and a gardener that observed pea plants and their genetic makeup and what happens when you cross a purebred with a purebred and a hybrid the purebred and hybrid with a hybrid. He also discovered dominant and recessive alleles.

Question 13

Chromosome-

Answer 13

A chromosome is a structure of DNA and carries the genes.

Question 14

Fertilization-

Answer 14

Fertilization is the fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual organism.

Question 15

Stamen

Answer 15

The stamen is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.

Question 16

Pollen-

Answer 16

Plant sperm.

Question 17

Pistil-

Answer 17

the ovule-bearing or seed-bearing female organ of a flower.

Question 18

Egg-

Answer 18

Holds half of the genetic material of the organism’s offspring. The female gamete.

Question 19

Ovule-

Answer 19

Small egg.

Question 20

Linnaeus: binomial nomenclature-

Answer 20

A naming system created by Linnaeus.

Question 21

Taxonomy-

Answer 21

The scientific study of how organisms are classified.

Question 22

Taxonomic key-

Answer 22

A series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms.

Question 23

Name the seven levels of classification.

Answer 23

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

Question 24

Cystic Fibrosis-

Answer 24

When the body produces too much mucus in the lungs. The treatment is antibiotics and other medications and chest physical therapy (EWWWWWWWW!!!!!!)