Study Guide #1 Information Flashcards
(Memorize) “Is the client before me behaving in strange, peculiar, or pathological ways, or……..?”
…….is the client before me behaving adaptively to strange, peculiar, or pathological situations….?”
Frank Parsons
- Structural career theorist
- Founding Father of the Vocational Guidance Movement
Jesse B Davis
Person who provided the first organized and systematic guidance program
John Holland
- structural career theorist
- Holland Codes and Holland Hexagon
Holland Codes
People work best in environments that match their preferences/personalities
Holland Hexagon
(RIASEC)
Realistic Investigative Artistic Social Enterprising Conventional
Donald E Super
- developmental theorist
- People change over time and seek career satisfaction through work roles in which they can express themselves and implement and maintain self-concept
Donald E Super (Stages/CSISCR)
Crystallization (14-18) Specification (18-21) Implementation (21-24) Stabilization (24-35) Consolidation Readiness for retirement (55+)
John Krumboltz (development theorist)
- developed planned happenstance
- theory of career decision-making based on principles of social learning, environmental conditions, genetics, and learning experiences
- focused on decision making relative to unexpected events
Planned happenstance (John Krumboltz) (CFOP)
Counselors should facilitate: Curiosity Perspective Flexibility Optimism
Three principles of career choice:
1) clear understanding of yourself, aptitude’s, interests, ambitions, limitations, resources, resources and causes
2) knowledge of the requirements and conditions of success, advantages, and disadvantages, opportunities, and prospects of different lines of work
3) true reasoning of the relationship of the first two principles
Three categories/Must Ask Questions
1) Risk
2) Substance Use
3) Abuse
Risk:
1) suicide
2) homicide
3) gravely disabled
Substance Use
1) alcohol
2) illegal drugs
3) legal/prescription drugs
4) over the counter medicine
Abuse:
1) physical
2) sexual
3) emotional
Six key features of an effective counselor (CAR WER)
1) Countertransference
2) Ability to tolerate ambiguity
3) Reflexive Practice
4) Working Alliance
5) Empathy
6) Reflexivity
Conceptualizing the client:
Does the client simply…..(4 things)
1) want to understand the problem?
2) want a witness to the pain?
3) want to make specific, concrete, and measurable changes?
4) want to sustain the changes articulated?
Pre-Counseling (Template for counseling)
1) what do I know about myself?
2) what do I know about my client?
During counseling (Template for counseling) (5 things)
1) Assessment
2) Diagnostic Impressions
3) Considered Inventions
4) Chosen Interventions
5) Evaluation of Interventions
Evaluation of Interventions (During Counseling, Template for Counseling)
1) self-report
2) observations
3) reports from others
Context sensitive across cultures communication: The sender and receiver must co-participate in defining and evaluating what constitutes as:
1) sensitive and proper
2) authentic and appropriate
3) verbal and non-verbal
4) styles and symbolic messages of communication
Implicit bias:
Attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, appreciation, and decisions in an unconscious manner. These favorable and unfavorable assessments are activated involuntarily and without an individual’s awareness or intentional control.
Stereotype threat:
Situational experience, usually performance based, wherein a person feels at risk for confirming beliefs, attitudes, and characterizations about their cultural, racial, or ethnic group.
American School Counselor Association (ASCA Model) (FDMA)
1) Foundations
2) Delivery
3) Management
4) Accountability
Foundations (ASCA Model)
Focus on student outcomes and teach student competencies (career, academic, and personal/social development)
Delivery (ASCA Model)
Direct services, core curriculum (skills/knowledge/abilities appropriate for developmental level), individual student planning, responsive services, indirect student services (referrals on behalf of student)
Management (ASCA Model)
Organized assessments and tools that are concrete and reflective of student needs (time assessments, annual agreements, advisory councils, curriculum, small group, and closing the gap action plans)
Accountability (ASCA Model)
1) Using data to show impact on student achievement, attendance and behavior, and analyzing student counseling program to guide future actions and improve future results)
2) No Child Left Behind (2001) focused on accountability for special needs children to reach proficiency in math by 2012
Individual with Disabilities Education Act (4 basic rights for special needs children)
1) free appropriate education (FAPE)
2) least restrictive environments
3) supplemental aid and services
4) assessments
5 steps to the Individual Education Plan (IEP)
(REDWC)
Referral Evaluation Determining eligibility Writing the IEP Conducting the IEP meeting
13 categories under IEP (SHADIEST B-MOOV)
Specific learning disability Hearing impairment Autism Deafness Intellectual disability Emotional disturbance Speech or language disability Traumatic brain injury Blindness Multiple disabilities Orthopedic disability Other health impaired Visual impairment
Career counseling Assesses
Aptitudes
Personality
Interests
Skills
Five Factor Model (OCEAN)
Openness Conscientious Exraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Eurocentric models
Models of counseling influenced by white, middle-aged, privileged men’s
Etic vs Emic (Eurocentric models)
Etic: all Counseling is universal
Emic: Counseling is influenced by larger context, which includes cultural values, lifestyles and world views
Inclusive vs exclusive paradigm
Should conversations about multiculturalism only include race or other dimensions (gender, sexual orientation, disability, etc)
Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm
(5 things)
1) all learning is situated within multiple contexts
2) these contexts influence one’s precious and current experience
3) these experiences become more richly appreciated through reflection
4) reflection is made more meaningful when new levels of one’s awareness is translated into action
5) action is reinforced by evaluation of self and impact of service to others
Definition of social justice counseling/therapy:
Active philosophy that is aimed at:
1) producing conditions for equal access and opportunity
2) reducing or eliminating disparities in education, health care, employment, and other areas
3) encouraging mental health workers to consider the micro, macro, and meso levels in assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of clients and client systems
4) broadening the role of health professionals to go beyond Counselor/therapist, to include community worker, consultant, change agent, psycho-educator, etc
Paulo Freier
Social Justice is an awareness and commitment to changing the social, economic, political and cultural forces that shape individual lives
Frantz Fanon
Social Justice is a commitment to individual human rights and a recognition that all people are entitled to moral consideration and that no one is indispensable; concern for the human, social, and cultural consequences for colonization
Most of us hide behind ___________.
Egocentric boas: generates the illusion that we are special
Power
There is power in social situations and in the social construction of reality
Conformity
People conform out of informational needs and normative needs
Obedience
Influenced by not knowing how to exit a situation, so follow through to the end in order to escape confronting the authority figure and reconciling additional suffering to victims
What are 4 ways to disengage ones morality?
(DIRR) Disengage or diffusing Ignore, distort, minimize or disbelief Redefine Reconstruct our perception of victims
5 things that evil can be?
(MADDOU) Moral disengagement Anonymity Dehumanization Diffusion of responsibility Obedience of authority Unjust systems
Unconditional Positive regard
Carl Rogers
Humanistic
Client centered therapy
