Career Counseling Flashcards
Operating definition of Career Counseling
A process by which individuals are afforded opportunities to explore self-in-environment variables relative to career pursuits.
Career counseling attempts to assess clients across which dimensions? (4 things)
1) aptitude
2) personality
3) interests
4) skills
Career counselors work with….
Adolescents, college students, adults making career changes and transitions.
Career change and career transitions can be _______ and ________.
Expected and unexpected
All career changes involve:
Varying degrees of personal (e.g. emotional, behavioral, and cognitive) and other-focused people, circumstantial and situational adjustments.
Career counseling is NOT: (5 things)
1) A standard clinical interview
2) An assessment of psychopathology
3) a forensic assessment
4) a measure of intelligence
5) a market analysis or a forecast of job trends
(What is assessed?) Aptitude:
Capabilities; innate or acquired abilities; readiness or quickness for learning; special fitness or stability; a natural tendency.
(What is assessed?) Personality:
The sum total of physical, mental, emotional, attitudinal and social characteristics of an individual; the essential character of a person.
(What is assessed?)
Interests:
A state of curiosity: an evoked awareness to church an individual especially resonates; wanting to know or learn about something or someone; an excited curiosity expressed by individuals or groups.
(What is assessed?)
Skills: (definition)
Learned capacities; ability to do something well; proficiency with an activity.
Skills can be classified as ______ or ________.
General or specific.
Types of skills (18 types)
1) reading
2) writing
3) computational
4) communication
5) listening
6) problem-solving
7) creative thinking
8) teamwork
9) leadership
10) organizational
11) time management
12) influencing
13) intra-personal
14) relationship
15) teaching
16) clinical
17) consultation
Skills can be applied as _________ and as _________.
“Well-intentioned” and as “malice-intentioned” (e.g. lying, manipulation, cheating)
Frank Parsons
1854-1908
John Holland (3 things)
- (1919-2008)
- People work best in environments that match their preferences and personalities
- developed the Holland Codes
Holland Hexagon
Realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional
Donald E. Super
- (1910-1994)
- People change over time and seek career satisfaction through work roles in which they can express themselves and implement and maintain their self-concept.
Life and Career Stages (6 total)
Crystallization (ages 14-18) Specification (ages 18-21) Implementation (ages 21-24) Stabilization (ages 24-35) Consolidation (ages 35-55) Readiness for retirement (ages 55-)
John Krumboltz
Developed a theory of career decision-making based on principles of social learning, environmental conditions, genetics, and learning experiences; specifically focused on decision-making relative to unexpected events.
Planned Happenstance: counselors should facilitate client: (4 things)
1) curiosity to explore opportunities
2) develop perspectives to deal with obstacles
3) flexibility to deal with variety
4) optimism to maximize benefits
Types of career theories (2)
1) structural
2) developmental
Structural definition (career theory)
Focus on individual characteristics and occupational tasks *Frank Parsons * John Holland
Developmental definition (career theory)
Focus on human development across the life span *Donald Super * John Krumboltz
Five-Factor Model (definition)
shared factors, across theories, relative to understanding the relationship between personality and work demands
Five-Factor Model (5 characteristics)
1) Openness
2) Conscientiousness
3) Extraversion
4) Agreeableness
5) Neuroticism
