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Anatomy, Thorax > Study Boxes Thorax Pleura & Lungs > Flashcards

Study Boxes Thorax Pleura & Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Are the ribs completely parallel?

A

NO, the ribs are 15 degrees tilted anteriorly

so you don’t see one to one correspondence of ribs

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2
Q

the manubrium of sternum corresponds to what level of vertebra?*

A

T4, T5 and vertebral disk

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3
Q

The superior thoracic aperture is aka*

A

Inlet or CLINICAL OUTLET

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4
Q

the inferior thoracic aperture aka *

A

outlet

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5
Q

the xyphoid process corresponds to what level*

A

T10 T11

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6
Q

contents of thoracic inlet

A 
apex of lungs*
trachea 
esophagus 
vagus nerve CN X 
phrenic nerve C3 4 5 
cervical plexus
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7
Q

what is the angle of luis

A

manubriosternal joint

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8
Q

what is the infrasternal angle *

A

junction where xyphoid process and costal margin

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9
Q

costal groove location and contents*

A

located on inferior aspect of ribs,
shelters the intercostal neuromuscular bundle
VAN - Vein artery nerve

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10
Q

the intercostal nerve is from where

A

VENTRAL rami of spinal nerve

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11
Q

what is the weakest part of rib

A

costal angle

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12
Q

the intercostal VAN is located where?

A

in between internal and innermost intercostal muscles

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13
Q

innermost intercostal muscles

A

sternocostalis- on sternum
innermost proper- in between
subcostalis- at angle of rib

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14
Q

Aortic opening- level and contents*

A 
T12
thoracic aorta
thoracic duct 
greater splanchnic nerves ( T5-T9)
azygos vein
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15
Q

esophageal opening L and Contents*

A

T10
esophagus
right and left vagus nerves
esophageal branches of left gastric artery and vein

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16
Q

caval opening Level and contents*

A

T8
IVC
phrenic nerves ( c3c4c5)
lymphatic vessels

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17
Q

Anterior intercostal arteries ICS 1-6 come from *

A

internal thoracic artery

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18
Q

anterior intercostal arteries ICS7 8 9 come from*

A

musculophrenic artery ( branch of internal thoracic)

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19
Q

intercostal space 10 11

A

NO anterior intercostal arteries

directly from aorta

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20
Q

anterior aspect of thorax is drained by ?

A

internal thoracic v – into brachiocephalic v

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21
Q

posterior aspect of thorax is drained by?

A

azygossystem

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22
Q

R side posteriorly 1 ICS by?*

A

highest intercostal vein into brachiocephalic

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23
Q

R side posteriorly 2-3 ICS

A

highest intercostal vein into azygos

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24
Q

R side posteriorly 4-11 ICS

A

azygos vein

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25
Q

R side post 12 ICS by

A

subcostal veins into azygos

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26
Q

L side post 1 ICS by

A

highest intercostal vein — into brachiocephalic vein

27
Q

L side post 2 3 4 ICS by

A

accessory hemiazygos vein

28
Q

L side post 5-11 + 12 ICS by

A

hemiazygos

29
Q

Azygos is on what side

A

R side

30
Q

hemyazygos is on what side

A

L side

31
Q

what happens to accessory hemi and hemiazygos?

A

they cross over independently or join as an unit and drain into azygos

accessory hemi can also drain into brachiocephalic vein

32
Q

where does the thoracic duct drain into*

A

junction between Left internal jugular and left subclavian

33
Q

right lymphatic duct drains what

A

right arm part of thorax and right side of head

Thoracic duct drains everything else

34
Q

thoracic duct sandwiched in between what

A

azygos on right and aorta on left

35
Q

What is the endothoracic fascia?*

A

connective tissue layer that functions to prevent the parietal pleura from rubbing agains innermost intercostal muscles

36
Q

sibsons fascia

A

thickening of the endothoracic at the APEX of the lungs

37
Q

Importance of the first rib

A

it has superior grooves for the subclavian vein and artery

38
Q

flail chest is due to*

A

multiple rib fractures

paradoxical chest movement

39
Q

paradoxical movement of flail ches

A

chest goes inward with inspiration
outward with expiration
(this is not normal )

40
Q

rib dislocation occurs where*

A

on the ribs that ATTACH to the sternum ( 2-7)

41
Q

rib separation occurs where*

A

(dislocation) of chostochondral join between rib and costal cartilage

42
Q

Thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture of chest

43
Q

thoracostomy

A

needle
tube
at ICS 4 /5 anterior axillary line
used to decompress fluid or air in lung

44
Q

thoracotomy

A

surgical incision of chest ICS 4 /5 from lateral margin of sternum to anterior axillary line ( think greys anatomy)

45
Q

Where does the parietal pleura become continuous with the visceral pleura

A

at the HILUM of each lunch - ( makes an indentation)

46
Q

what is the cupula*

A

area of parietal pleura reflected over the APEX of lung

47
Q

what is the costodiaphragmatic recess*

A

at the junction of the costal and diaphragmatic parietal pleura at the mid axillary line

LOWEST area of pleural cavity into which the lungs expand during inspiration

48
Q

costodiaphragmatic recess level***

A

ICS 9

49
Q

estenssions of costoparietal pleura and their levels*

A

anteriorly ICS 8
med axillary ICS 9
posteriorly ICS 10

50
Q

is the parietal pleura sensitive to pain

A

VERY SENSITIVE TO PAIN

51
Q

is the visceral pleura sensitive to pain

A

NO- no sensory innervation

52
Q

cardiac notch level *

A

costal cartilages 4 5 6

53
Q

oblique fissure level

A

from apex of lung and ends at COSTAL CARTILAGE 6

54
Q

horizontal fissure level

A

COSTAL CARTILAGE 4

55
Q

lingula

A

modified middle lobe of the LEFT lung

56
Q

where does the trachea begin*

A

continuation of larynx at lower border of CRICOID CARTILAGE C6

57
Q

what happens to the trachea at angle of louis

A

descends anteriorly to esophagus

deviates slightly to RIGHT side of medial plane at angle of lous

58
Q

where does the trachea end

A

divides into L and R primary bronchi between T4 and T5

59
Q

what is the carina

A

bifurcation of the trachea into right and L bronchi

60
Q

angle of carina

A

90 degrees

> 90- indicate presence of mediastinal mass

61
Q

Location of L ( primary bronchus) WRT aorta and esophagus

A

passes to left BELOW arch of aorta

IN FRONT of esophagus

62
Q

blood supply of the bronchi

A

bronchial arteries- two on left from thoracic aorta

one on right from posterior intercostal artery

63
Q

branching of the brachial tree

A

trachea– primary bronchi– secondary– tertriary— bronchioles– terminal bronchioles

Anatomy, Thorax (4 decks)

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