Study boxes Mediastinum and Pericardium Flashcards
Where is superior mediastinum located
posterior to manubrium, anterior to first four thoracic vertebrae
trachea deviates to affected side in*
Atelectasis
pneumonectomy
large pleural fibrosis
trachea deviates to unaffected side in*
any space occupying conditions tension pneumothorac pleural effusions hemothorax large masses
borders of anterior mediastinum
posterior surface of sternum to anterior surface of pericardial sac
contents of anterior mediastm
Fatty tissue
thymus
lymphnodes
contents of middle mediastinum
heart
pericardium
main bronchi
great vessels and phrenic nerves
location of posterior mediastinum
posterior to pericardial sac and anterior to bodies of T5-T12
contents of posterior mediastinum
esophagus thoracic aorta azygos venous system thoracic duct vagus nerve splanchnic nerves
location of pericardium
middle mediastinum posterior to sternum and cartilages 2-6
anterior to T5-T8 vertebrae
layers of the pericardium
fibrous pericardium- tough
serous pericardium-
- parietal
- visceral
Transverse sinus and importance
behind aorta and pulmonary trunk
in front of left atrium and superior vena cava
important for bypass surgeries
oblique sinus
between the pulmonary veins and inferior vena cava
pericardiocentesis performed where**
- Parasternal- Left sternal margin ICS 4-5
2. substernal- underneath xyphoid process aiming to left shoulder
in substernal pericardiocentesis you want to avoid hitting what?*
internal thoracic artery
Heart location with respect to ribs and vertebrae
ribs 3-5
vertebrae T6-T9
base of heart is formed by?
LEFT ATRIUM
the APEX of heart corresponds to*
Cartilage 6
ICS 5
Right and left coronaries are branches of?
Ascending aorta
Right atrial branch gives branch to? (of R coronary)
SA node***
the right marginal branch is accompanied by which vein?* ( R COR)
Small cardiac vein
the posterior inter ventricular artery ( PAD) accompanies which vein (R cor)
middle cardiac
Branches of R coronary
R atrial branch
conal branch
Right marginal branch
Posterior inter ventricular artery ( Aka posterior artery descending)
Branches of L coronary
Circumflex– gives off Left marginal artery
Anterior inter ventricular artery ( aka Left Anterior descending)
the anterior interventricular artery ( LAD) accompanies what vein*
Great cardiac vein
R coronary artery supplies***
AV and SA nodes
posterior inferior 1/3 of septum
right marginal artery supplies RV
posterior inter ventricular artery 1/3 RV ND 2/3 LV
L coronary artery supplies***
- LV RV anterior 2/3 of septum
- AV bundle
- LA and LV via circumflex artery
- LV via marginal artery
Venous blood supply to heart*** Exceptions
All veins of heart drain into coronary sinus EXCEPT anterior cardiac veins ( drain directly into RA) and vena cordae minimal – mainly into atria too
tributaries of coronary sinus
Great cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein
oblique cardiac vein
what is NOT a tributary of the coronary sinus
the vena cords minimae
Location of L recurrent laryngeal nerve WRT to great vessels what angle
Hooks under the Ligamentum arteriosus (LATERAL TO IT) at angle of LOUIS
Location of R recurrent laryngeal nerve WRT great vessels
passes under the right subclavian artery
