Study Aid Test Questions Flashcards
Sites of hemopoiesis (conception-adult)
0-2 months: blood cells formed in the yolk sac;
2-7 months: liver and spleen
5-9 months: bone marrow
Infant-childhood: ~50% marrow
Adult: Skull, vertebral column (ribs and sternum), sacrum, pelvis, proximal femurs
Cytoskeleton composed of what in erythrocyte?
Alpha and Beta spectrin
Pokiliocytes: mean, reflect, suggest what is taking place?
Suggest Hemopoiesis
Normal RBC count
Overall: 3.6-5.4
Cause for primary erythrocytosis?
Polycythemia vera: hyperplasia within marrow, but don’t know why
Explain what increase in RBC count suggests?
Primary: Polycythemia vera
Cause for relative erythrocytosis
Dehydration, overuse of diuretics
Abnormal erythrocyte sites: term used that cells have abnormal sizes
Anisocytosis: RBC is of unequal size; suggests anemia
Most logical/ reasonable explanation for erythropenia?
Anemia: especially patients with RH
Given reticulocyte count of 5% suggests what?
Hemolytic anemia
Normal reticulocyte index
1
Normal hematocrit
Overall: 36-52
Packed cell volume of 30%
Low for both M/F –> anemia, leukemia cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism
Increased Hct reflects what?
increase in altitude, polycythemia, SEVERE DEHYDRATION, shock
Know normal range of Hb and difference between male and female
OVERALL: 12-17.4
Male: 14-17.4 gm%
Female: 12-16 gm%
Lab tests evaluate degree of anisocytosis (not the same size)
RDW Tests
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) level means?
100-160: macrocytic anemias, large volume (B12, or folic acid deficiency)
What may affect HbA level
Nothing, glucose levels?
HbH1c levels suggest diabetic patient in different volumes of control?
7% = good controls 10% = fair 13-20% = poor
Glycolcilia Hb levels decrease 4%
Chronic renal failure since kidney can no longer produce erythropoietin
Cause of microcytic normochromic anemia?
Renal disease: not producing erythropoietin
Features of Plummer-Vinson Syndrome?
Koilonychia: spoon shaped nails
Labs in early stages of IDA?
Increase # of platelets
Which anemia has golf ball cells in stain?
Alpha-thalacemia (with cresol stain)
What are labs for patient with alpha-thalacemia?
Microcytic hypochromic
Physical and lab features of patient with severe Cooley’s anemia?
(PAS doesn’t indicate???) Life threatening, growth failure and growth deformities
Causes of alpha-thalacemia?
HbH Affinity to O2
Anemia that produces hypoplasia or absence of thumbs?
Fanconi’s anemia
What are labs of patient with severe B12 deficiency?
a. Anicytosis, pequiliocytosis
b. Macrocytic and normochromic
c. If B12 serum levels are
What are labs of patient with severe folic acid deficient anemia?
Macrocytic, normochromic (like B12)
Lab tests that screen HbS?
Sickledex Solubility prep
Abnormal RBC suggest hypospleenism
Target cells and giant bodies: spleen cannot handle these morphologies
Labs for patient with sickle cell disease?
HbS
Presence of >3% stab cell in leukocytosis suggests?
Shift to the left (neutrophilia)
Downey cells
Lymphocytes of infections
Cause for lymphopenia?
Post chemo or radiation therapy or an immunosuppressant
What leukemia’s most common for adults?
CLL: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (over 50)
Leukomoid reaction
is not progressive/ permanent
ESRs using tubes: if reads 20 mm in 1 hour: suggests?
No alteration of plasma proteins
Normal value for C-reactive protein?
0.7 is the answer on exam
