studies

Question 1

aaron cicourel

Answer 1

canteen culture where police talk and label certain groups as the ideal criminal

Question 2

george murdock (‘49)

Answer 2

studied 250 societies and defined family as:

• living together
• male/female parents
• sexual relationship
• must have children

Question 3

new rightists (family)

Answer 3

nuclear family is the only successful form and single parent families rely on the state

Question 4

ellis cashmore

Answer 4

men such as david beckham are challenging male stereotypes and a ‘new man’ is emerging

this is one that does their hair, is more emotional ETC.

Question 5

jonathon gershurney (‘92)

Answer 5

there is a lagged adaptation

men are starting to be involved in house work but it isn’t happen fast enough / as fast as women are starting to dominate the workplace ETC.

Question 6

jack fawbert (‘00)

Answer 6

moral panic against youths about hoodies

stereotyped to be criminals

Question 7

jhally and lewis

Answer 7

cosby show is inaccurate as it doesn’t accurately portray the racism that black people face

Question 8

albert cohen

Answer 8

status frustration leads to crime

Question 9

winship

Answer 9

magazines taking about women’s issues more regularly

Question 10

wilmott and young (‘73)

Answer 10

found that the domestic division of labour was starting to become egalitarian (house work being done by both man and woman)

Question 11

charles murray and norman dennis

Answer 11

fear of the underclass

kids from single parent families are more likely to commit crimes due to a lack of socialisation

Question 12

becky francis

Answer 12

teachers treat male and female students differently

boys’ aggressive behaviour is far more tolerated

Question 13

paul willis (70)

Answer 13

12 boys in midlands
antischool subculture
exaggerated masculinity

Question 14

angela mcrobbie

Answer 14

jackie magazine
bedroom culture leads to a cult of femininity
girls discussing boys and makeup

Question 15

van dijk (‘91)

Answer 15

in the media, ethnic minorities are portrayed negatively e.g.

• criminals
• threat to jobs
• abnormal

Question 16

howard becker

Answer 16

prisons give a master status to people and people commit crimes due to negative labels that have been attached to them

Question 17

sue sharpe

Answer 17

women’s ambitions have changed
70s- marriage
90s-career

Question 18

robert merton

Answer 18

not understanding norms and values is ANOMIE

Question 19

robert and rhona rapoport

Answer 19

family is diverse today— there are many types

Question 20

julia brannen

Answer 20

there is an increase in the beanpole family

Question 21

dobash and dobash (70)

Answer 21

dark side of family life — women suffering domestic violence

Question 22

downing

Answer 22

cosby show creates positive role models for black people

Question 23

pierre bordieu

Answer 23

cultural capital :
middle class kids are advantages as they can go to museums and have a lot of resources/ money for tutors

material deprivation : 
working class kids not having computers at home / appropriate school resources

Question 24

oliver james

Answer 24

the family is negative for children:

parents stifle their children’s individuality

Question 25

helen wilkinson

Answer 25

feminisation of the workforce and the gender quake women taking male jobs

Question 26

tony sewell

Answer 26

young black boys are more likely to join subcultures due to discrimination absent black fathers lead to underachievement

Question 27

aaron cicourel

Answer 27

2 gangs in america the working class gang experienced more discrimination than the middle class gang

Question 28

sue lees

Answer 28

in regards to sexual relationships, females are viewed negatively but males are celebrated

Question 29

dunscombe and marsden

Answer 29

women carry out a triple shift at home emotional work paid work house work

Question 30

stan cohen (64)

Answer 30

mods and rockers moral panic media exaggerates

Question 31

harvey and macdonald

Answer 31

ads portray women stereotypically (as well as nuclear family) housewife mothers sex objects

Question 32

edmund leech (‘67)

Answer 32

ads create a cereal packet norm and this promotes the nuclear family

Question 33

talbot parsons (1955)

Answer 33

two main functions of the family 1. socialisation of children 2. stabilisation of adult personalities— warm bath theory

Question 34

david gauntlet

Answer 34

there is a marked shift towards equality between the sexes

Question 35

catherine hakim

Answer 35

women have power and they want to be housewives— great status attached

Question 36

mulvey(70)

Answer 36

media create a male gaze cameras focus on women’s bodies to please men

Question 37

caesar lombrosso

Answer 37

biological explanations to crime large ears and jaw leads to labelling

Question 38

grundy and henrietta

Answer 38

worried about an ageing population sandwich generation middle aged women suffer — looking after parents and grandchildren

Question 39

edgell

Answer 39

men make all the big decisions at home

Question 40

sontag (70)

Answer 40

there are double standards about age in the media women are expected to look youthful men are more respected as they get older

Question 41

ann oakley

Answer 41

manipulation canalisation conjugal roles are segregated

Question 42

vogel and bell

Answer 42

children suffer in the family they act as emotional scapegoats for the parents

Question 43

esther dermott

Answer 43

25 professional males with kids were interviewed and she found: males were more interested in their child’s development than their career intimate fathering

Question 44

muncie

Answer 44

youths are inaccurately portrayed as criminals