Student Development Theory

Question 1

Perry’s Theory of Intellectual and Ethical Development: Background

Answer 1

Cognitive-structural (the making of meaning) theory formulated during Perry’s years in the Counseling Center at Harvard, and based on interviews with Harvard Students. Based to some degree on the Piagetian theories of stage development in cognitive thinking.

Question 2

Perry’s Stages of Cognitive Development: 4 Main Stages

Answer 2

Question 3

3 Deflections from Perry’s theory.

Answer 3

Temporizing: Time out when movement is postponed. Some temporizing may be needed to allow for horizontal decalage (later growth or development within a particular position).

Escape: Abandonment of responsibility characterized by alienation.

Retreat: Temporary return to dualism and can result from feelings of being overwhelmed or overly challenged.

Question 4

Baxter Magolda’s Self Authorship: Described

Answer 4

The internal capacity to define one’s beliefs, identity, and social relations. Can move within stages.

Question 5

4 Phases of Baxter Magolda’s Self Authorship

Answer 5

1. Following formulas: allowing others to define who you are. Young adults follow plan that was laid out for them, while assuring themselves that it is the plan they created for self.
2. Crossroads: initial plan does not feel like it fits anymore, new plans need to be established. Student is dissatisfied with self.
3. Becoming author of one’s life: creating the ability to choose one’s beliefs and stand up for them (particularly when facing conflict or opposing views)
4. Internal foundation: “grounded in their self-determined belief system in their sense of who they are and they mutuality of their relationships.

Question 6

Elements of of Baxter Magolda’s Self Authorship

Answer 6

1. Trusting internal voice
2. Building an internal foundation
3. Securing internal commitments- being true to self