Stuarts Flashcards
What is the divine right of kings?
Something Charles believed in
He thought he was the monarch appointed by god and could do no wrong.
Why did Charles I decide to rule without parliament?
1625-1629:Constantly short of money
Asked parliament for money
They refused
How long did Charles I decide to rule without parliament?
1629:Sent parliament away for Eleven years.
Who were the people on Charles’ side of the civil war against parliament called?
Royalists
Who were the supporters of parliament during civil war ?
Roundheads
What is ship tax and why did it anger people?
A tax used on board ship in the navy during time of war, however 1635:Charles made people pay this tax even when war wasn’t on. Collected it all over the country not just in coastal areas.
Why was the public suspicious of Charles ?
Thought he was trying to make the country more catholic as he married a catholic lady.
How did Charles I anger the scotts?
1637:Made them use a new prayer book.tehy refused Charles sent army force but Scots killed army . Scott’s as liked for money back Charles had run out of money.
What happened when Charles was put on trial?
Put on trial for treason
Refused to plead guilty or innocent
Claimed trial wasn’t legal as he was the king
During execution wore two shirts as he didn’t want to shiver from the cold an look like he was scared.
People gathered to watch people payed to dip handkerchiefs in blood.
What was the final trigger that caused the war?
In 1642…..
Charles arrests 5 mps
Parliament demands more power;takes control of the army.
What does Charles do after the scotts invade England ?
In 1640 coerced to ask parliament for money to help fight Scott’s.
Tell Charles he was wrong not to do it again.
What was Charles II known as?
The merry monarch-he changed many laws that Cornwall had allowing people to have a lot more freedom.
Why did Charles take the throne?
In 1630 a result of ‘the restoration of the monarchy ‘ after Cromwell (lord protector died)
What was Cromwell like?
A lord protectorate Incredibly harsh closed down theatres, banned the theatre and bear-baiting, and forbade people to drink or celebrate Christmas,
What was charles ii like ?
Spent time celebrating with friends, gambling and having fun.
He was also serious monarch made sure he had a good relationship with parliament and supported scientific experiments, maths, drama and music.
What is the commonwealth ?
Describes the period between 1648-1660 when England was a republic ( had no king or queen ).
What is a restoration?
Restoration of how life was when King Charles I was in reign. The long process in which Charles II was restored .
Parliaments demands 1640
Hold regular meetings with parliament
Punish ministers (Stratford for ways they have behaved)
Take advice from sensible ministers some must come from parliament
Raise no more taxes without agreement
Put and end to special courts like star chamber where you lock up opponents without a trial.
Charles concessions 1641
Parliament was to meet every 3 years and a meeting wouldn’t end without MPs agreement
Stratford has been trialled and executed by most MPs
Ship money has been made illegal
Church reforms have not been reversed but archbishop laud has been put in prison.
Court of star chamber- abolished
What is civil war?
War between two groups within same country usually over who is in power.! English civil war : parliament and king Charles I
James ( became king in 1603) sucesses?
Kept control of Protestant church in Scotland
Controlled rich powerful lords when they showed signs of rebelling
Wrote several books.
James failures
Failed to impress church leaders
Some religious people Both catholics and Protestants left England because of him
When parliament refused to collect for king sent all politicians home for 10 years
