STS Flashcards
(159 cards)
1
Q
is the movement
of goods and people from one
place to another. In ancient times,
people crafted simple boats out
of logs, walked, rode animals
and, later, devised wheeled
vehicles to move from place to
place
A
Transportation
2
Q
Humans have been using different
methods to communicate from the
beginning.
1.Cave Paintings
2.Symbols for communication
3.Smoke signals
4.Carrier pigeons
A
Communication
3
Q
Mass production began in the
ancient world when ____ and
____ were the pressing needs of
the day.
A
food security, warfare
4
Q
In their hunger for power, humans have
always searched for the perfect
weaponry. The careful selection of
weapons at times proved to be the
crucial difference between winning a
battle or being slaughtered on the field.
A
Weapons and armors
5
Q
The science of civil engineering truly
commenced between 4000 and 2000
BC in Egypt when transportation gained
such importance that it led to the
development of the wheel
A
Engineering and architecture
6
Q
Structures built during the ancient times
A
-Sphinx
-Ziggurat of Ur
-City of Uruk
-Hanging gardens of babylon
7
Q
-located on the southernmost tip
of ancient Mesopotamia
● known for their high degree of
cooperation with one another and
their desire for great things.
● not contented with the basic
things that life can offer. This
desire pushed them to develop
many things connected with
science and technology
A
Sumerian Civilization
8
Q
It is the first writing system known
as ____
● It is system that utilizes word
pictures and triangular symbols
which are curved on clay
wedge instruments and then
left to dry
A
Cuneiform
9
Q
Another important contribution
of the Sumerians is ____. It is a great wonder not
only because it is considered
to be the first true city of the
world but also for the way it
was erected. One of the major problem that
the Sumerians encountered
was the lack of materials.
There were no building stones
in the location of this city and
lumber was limited, making the
construction a big challenge.
The Sumerians were able to
build the city using only mud or
clay from the river, which they
mixed the reeds, producing
sunbaked bricks- a true
engineering feat.
A
the City of
Uruk
10
Q
Another engineering and
architectural feat of the
Sumerians is____ . The ziggurat,
also called the mountain of
god, was built in the same
manner that they constructed
the City of Uruk
A
the Great
Ziggurat of Ur
11
Q
As population increased,
so did the demand for
food. The Sumerians were
challenged to mass
produce food items but the
elements in the
environment seemed
uncooperative.
● The farmers in Sumer
created levees to hold
back the floods from their
fields and cut canals to
channel river water to the
fields. The use of levees
and canals is called
irrigation
A
Irrigation and Dikes
12
Q
Another challenge to the Sumerians was
transportation. At that time, the wheel
was not yet invented; the main mode of
transportation was through waterways
such as rivers and seas. Boats were
used to carry large quantities of
products and were able to cover large
distances
A
Sailboats
13
Q
In the latter part of their history, the
Sumerians were able to invent the
_____ since the specialized tools
needed to create it were already
available. were not
made for transportation but for farm
work and food processes. With the use
of the ____ and axle, mass production
was made easier. Farmers were able to
mill grains with less effort in less time
A
Wheel
14
Q
Humans evolved from being food
gatherers to farm cultivators. However,
farmers needed a technology which
would enable them to dig the ground
where the seeds would be planted. The
___ was invented to dig the earth in a
faster pace.
A
Plow
15
Q
In order to facilitate faster and easier
travel, the Sumerians developed the first ___
A
Road
16
Q
emerged near the
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The
____ were great builders,
engineers, and architects. One of their
major contribution is the hanging
gardens of Babylon, one of the seven
wonders of the ancient world.
A
Babylonian Civilization
17
Q
It was
said to be a structure made up of layers
upon layers of gardens that contained
several species of plants,trees, and
vines. According to legends, the great
Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II
built the gardens for his wife, Queen
Amytis.
A
Hanging Gardens
of Babylon
18
Q
a collection of
282 rules, established standards for
commercial interactions and set fines
and punishments to meet the
requirements of justice. Code was carved onto a massive,
finger-shaped black stone stele (pillar)
that was looted by invaders and finally
rediscovered in 1901.
A
Code of Hammurabi
19
Q
Another early civilization famous for its
legacy is the ___
located in North Africa. s have
contributed other practical things that
the world now considers as essentials. It
is thus safe to say that the pyramids are
not the only contribution of the
____ to the modern
world.
A
Egyptian civilization
20
Q
first to develop a system of writing, they
were able to make writing easier for the
world. Before the Egyptian innovation,
clay tablets were used. However,
safe-keeping and transporting them
were a major problem. Clay tablets were
very fragile, heavy, and delicate to
handle. So, bringing them to places was
a major challenge
A
Paper of papyrus
21
Q
Engraving ceased
to be used in writing. As a result, the
Egyptians invented _____ by combining
soot with different chemicals to produce
____ of different colors. The __ must
withstand the elements of nature since it
was used to record history, culture, and
codified laws. It must also be
tamper-proof so that people could not
simply tinker with those written down by
authorities
A
inks
22
Q
the Egyptians also
developed a system of writing using symbols, known as _____. This
form of writing can still be seen today
and remains to be a famous as the
pyramids where they were found.
Hieroglyphics was the language that
tells the modern world of the history and
culture of the ancient Egyptians.
A
Hieroglyphics
23
Q
In the modern times are used
to improve and highlight the facial
features of a person, but, their function
in ancient Egypt was for both health and
aesthetic reasons
A
Cosmetics
24
Q
worn around the eyes to prevent and even
cure eye diseases, was created by
mixing soot or malachite with mineral
galena
A
Kohl
25
were used to protect the
shaved heads of the wealthy Egyptians
from the harmful rays of the sun.
Wearing a ___ was better than putting
on a scarf or any other head cover since
___ allowed heat to escape.
Wig
26
This device utilizes gravity that affects
the flow of water from one vessel to the
other. The amount of water (or its
height, depending on the method
used) remaining in the device
determines how much time has elapsed
since its full
WATER CLOCK/ CLEPSYDRA
27
is an archipelago in the
southeastern part of the Europe. Known
as the birthplace of western philosophy,
some of the major achievements of the
___ include in-depth works on
philosophy and mathematics
Greek civilization
28
One of the most utilized gadgets today
that was invented by the ancient Greeks
is the___. the
purpose was just the same- to tell an
individual when to stop or when to start.
The ancient Greek’s ____ used
large complicated mechanisms to time
the alarm. They made use of water that
dropped into drums which sounded the
alarm.
Alarm clock
29
were also considered as one
of the most important contributions of
the Greek civilization to the world. They
were commonly used in agricultural
processes like milling of grains which
was a necessary form of food
processing during that time.
Water Mill
30
was perceived to be
the strongest political and social entity in
the west. It was considered to be the
cradle of politics and governance during
that period. Because the _____
was so large, other civilizations looked
up to it as their model in terms of
legislation and codified laws. Aside from
their contributions in politics
Roman Civilization
31
known as
gazettes, contained announcements of
the Roman Empire to the people. Made
before the invention of paper, these
gazettes were engraved in metal or
stone tablets and then publicly
displayed.
Newspaper
32
is a watercourse
constructed to carry water from a source
to a distribution point far away. In
modern engineering, the term
___ is used for any system of
pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and
other structures used for this purpose.
Aqueduct
33
originated in ancient
Rome, but survived for some uses after
the end of the Roman Empire.
The numbers in the system are
represented by combinations of letters
from the Latin alphabet.
Roman Numerals
34
is considered
to be the oldest civilization in
Asia, if not the world.
● Also known as the “Middle
Kingdom”
● It is famous among other ancient
civilizations because of its silk
trade
Chinese civilization
35
Composed of 4 Major Dynasties:
Shang,
Zhou, Qin and Han
36
was the first
Chinese dynasty. It was founded
by the legendary Yu the Great (c.
2123-2025 BC), known for
developing a flood control
technique that stopped the Great
Flood that ravaged farmer’s crops
for generations. There is a severe lack of
documented evidence about this
dynasty and therefore very little is
known about the Xia period
Xia dynasty ( not a major dynasty )
37
is the earliest
recorded Chinese dynasty supported by archaeological
evidence. 31 kings ruled much of
the area along the Yellow River.
● Under the ____, there
were advances in maths,
astronomy, art and military
technology. They used a highly
developed calendar system and
an early form of modern Chinese
language.
Shang dynasty
38
was the
longest dynasty in the history of
China, ruling the region for
almost 8 centuries. culture
flourished and civilisation spread.
Writing was codified, coinage was
developed and chopsticks came
into use
Zhou dynasty
39
The Zhous also developed the
______ – a concept
that was used to justify the rule of
kings, who had been blessed by
the gods.
Mandate of Heaven
40
marked the
beginning of the Chinese Empire.
During Qin Shi Huangdi’s reign,
China was greatly expanded to
cover the Ye lands of Hunan and
Guangdong. , the period
saw ambitious public works
projects including the unification
of state walls into a single Great
Wall. It saw the development of a
standardized form of currency, a
uniform system of writing and a
legal code.
Qin Dynasty
41
for himself, guarded by the
life-sized ___ of more
than 8,000 life-sized soldiers, 130
chariots with 520 horses and 150
cavalry horses.
Terracotta Army
42
was known as a
golden age in Chinese history,
with a prolonged period of
stability and prosperity. A central
imperial civil service was
established to create a strong
and organized government
Han dynasty
43
was opened up to
connect to the west, bringing in
trade, foreign cultures and the
introduction of Buddhism
Silk road
44
____ was taken as the
name of the Chinese people.
Today, the Han Chinese make up
the dominant ethnic group in
China and the largest in the
world
Han
45
to the world is silk. Although
silk is naturally produced by silk worms,
the Chinese were the ones who
developed the technology to harvest silk
and process it to produce paper and
clothing
Silk
46
was developed when an
unknown Chinese inventor created a
machine that was able to shed tea
leaves into strip. This machine was done using wheel-based mechanism
with sharp edges attached to a wooden
ceramic pot.
Tea production
47
Is one of
the most notorious structures in
the entire world. The Jinshanling
section in Hebei Province, China,
pictured here, is only a small part
of the wall that stretches over
4,000 kilometers (2,500 miles)
Great Wall of China
48
Chinese leaders
instituted wall- building projects to
protect the land from northern,
nomadic invaders. One surviving
section of such an ancient wall, in
the Shandong province, is made
of hard-packed soil called _____
and is estimated
to be _____
“rammed earth”, 2,500 years old.
49
in China
spent centuries trying to discover
an elixir of life that would render
the user immortal. One important
ingredient in many of the failed
elixirs was saltpeter, also known
as potassium nitrate. around
850 A.D., an enterprising
alchemist (whose name has been
lost to history) mixed 75 parts
saltpeter with 15 parts charcoal
and 10 parts sulfur. T
Gunpowder
50
The start of the middle ages was
marred by massive invasions and
migrations. Wars were prevalent
during this time. As such, great
technology was needed in the
fields of weaponry, navigation,
mass food and farm production,
and health.
● Trade and commerce among
nations increased, which resulted
in greater demands for
transportation technology. Some
of the most innovative minds
came from this period.
Medieval / Middle Ages
51
After Chinese developed woodblock
printing, _____ was able to
invent the ____, a more reliable
way of printing using a cast type. He
utilized wooden machine that extracted
juices from fruits, attached to them a
metal impression of letters and pressed
firmly the cast metal into a piece of
paper, which then made an exact
impression on paper.
Johann Gutenberg, printing press
52
was marred
by massive invasions and migrations.
Wars were prevalent during this time. As
such, great technology was needed in
the fields of weaponry, navigation, mass
food and farm production, and health.
Medieval Ages / Middle Ages
53
____ and ____ among nations increased which resulted
in greater demands for transportation
technology
Trade and Commerce
54
To develop the proper medicines for
illnesses, expert must understand the
sickness through an investigation. Thus,
they needed the device that could
magnify things invisible to the eye.
Guided by the principles used for the
invention of eyeglasses in earlier years,
_____ was able to develop
the ____
Zacharias Janssen, First compound microscope.
55
an
optical instrument that helps in the
observation of emote objects, was a
great help for navigators during this
time. Together with the ____, the
invention of the compass, oars, and
rudders made sea travelling easier and
safer.
Telescope
56
were widespread
during the Middle Ages, great
development in the weaponry
technology also occurred. All sides must
develop weaponries not only as
offensive tools but also defensive
instruments. For open-area battles,
people developed cross bows and long
bows so that they could attack the
enemies at long ranges, keeping
themselves safe with the protection of
walls and fortresses.
War weapons
57
a great
pioneer in arts, engineering, architecture
and science, stressed the importance of
experiment. He produced a vast series
of notebooks with observations of
anatomy, cloud formations, plans for
sites, military inventions, tanks, flying
machines and submarines.
Leonardo Da Vinci
58
____ rediscovered what some of
the ancient Greeks had known that
the sun was at the center of the solar
system and that the earth revolves
around it
Nicolaus Copernicus
59
Copernicus discovery aided ___, the
navigator to travel around South Africa,
Portugal, to reach India. It was around the same time
____ discovered the America.
Prince Henry, COLUMBUS
60
The booming world population during
the nineteenth century onwards
demanded that more goods be
produced at a faster rate. People
needed efficient means of transportation
to trade more goods and cover a larger
distance. Machines that required
animals to operate must thus be
upgraded
Modern Ages
61
____ a French biologist,
microbiologist, and chemist, found a
way to solve the problem. He invented
_____ , the process of heating
dairy products to kill the harmful bacteria
that allow them to spoil faster
Louis Pasteur, Pasteurization
62
was able to invent
kerosene by refining petroleum
Samuel M. Kier
63
was later on referred to as
“illuminating oil” because it was used at
first to provide lighting to homes.
Kerosene
64
Important day to day decisions must
be discussed and addressed at the
fastest time possible. Thus, the
development of the telephone by ____ was one of the
most important inventions at that time
Telephone by Alexander Graham Bell
65
circumstances in the modern times
required a faster way to compute more
complicated equations. Computing
devices must also be easy to carry since
they would be utilized on a day to day
basis.
Calculator
66
Creation of ____ did not only pave the way for
easier arithmetic calculations, but also
resulted in the development of more
complex processing machines like the
_____
modern
calculators, computers
67
was the first to use the
modern scientific methods based on
experiment and testable observations.
In 1608, some spectacle maker came to
the Republic of Venice with their new
invention, a spyglass for identifying
ships before they enter the harbor. He was able to discover craters and
mountains on the moon. He later
invented the microscope and
thermometer.
Galileo
68
helped define the
laws of gravity and planetary motion,
co-founded calculus and explained
the laws of light and color
Isaac Newton
69
the most popular
scientist of the twentieth century. His
work had profound impact on everything
from quantum theory to nuclear power
and the atom bomb, and came up also
with the famous equation used in
calculus.
Albert Einstein
70
is
used to refer to Greek speculation about
the "nature" in the period before
Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE). ...
First, the world is a natural whole (that
is, supernatural forces do not make
things 'happen'). Second, there is a
natural 'order' (that is, there are 'laws of
nature').
Intellectual Revolution
71
This caused the paradigm shift of
how the earth and sun were
placed in the heavens/universe. It
is the idea that rejected
Ptolemic's model (earth is the
center of the solar system) and
proved the heliocentric model
(Sun is the center of the solar
system having earth revolving
around it)
Copernican Revolution
72
- Egyptian astronomer,
mathematician and geographer
● In several fields his writings
represent the culminating
achievement of Greco-Roman
science, particularly his
geocentric model of the universe
now known as the Ptolemaic
system.
Claudius Ptolemy ( 100 CE - 170 CE )
73
Polish Catholic Cleric
● Observe night sky from an
observation tower
● Trying to solve calendar problem
● Suggested a Sun centered
Universe in a book titles De
Revolutionibus, which was not
published until the year he died
● NOTE: He was well educated
and had read Greek astronomy
Nicolaus Copernicus ( 1473 - 1543 )
74
It's a theory that includes this
- Heliocentric Universe
● De Revolutionibus Orbiun
Celestium (On the Revolutions of
the Heavenly Spheres) ( book by copernicus )
● Idea was opposed by the
Catholic Church
Copernican Theory
75
was a natural
phenomenon of one planet
passing another planet as the
orbited the sun
Retrograde motion
76
Earth rotation caused daily
motion from ____.
●____ are inferior
planets, which explained why
they are always seen near the
Sun
east to west, Mercury and Venus
77
was
considered to be one of the most
controversial intellectual revolutions of
its time.
This has brought a great impact on how
people approach Biology. This revolution
provided a different idea about the
"theory of Creation"
Darwinian Revolution
78
means change over
time.
● A scientific theory is NOT just a
belief, it is a supported tested
explanation
Evolution
79
English naturalist whose scientific theory
of evolution by natural selection became
the foundation of modern evolutionary
studies.
Charles Darwin
80
In ___, Darwin sets sail on the
HMS Beagle
● In ____, he writes his theory on
the origin of species
● In ___, Darwin and Wallace
publish their theories on evolution
1831
1844
1858
81
- Darwin went on an around
the-world trip on the ___
and traveled to the ____ .
● He particularly liked and
observed the tortoises on
different islands.
● He observed each group had its
own niche
● He studied __ different species
and saw how they adapted to
their environment
HMS Beagle, Galapagos
Islands.
13
82
During the 5-year surveying
mission in which Darwin served
aboard the Royal Navy Brig HMS
Beagle as a naturalist,
he became intrigued by ___
Charles Lyell's
Principles of Geology
83
In Principles of Geology, Lyell
presents arguments in support of
____ , the theory that
observable processes occurring
in the present are sufficient to
explain the formation of all
geological features over great
time periods.
uniformitarianism
84
In the past, the field of
psychology was classified under
philosophy. Psychology was
considered more an art rather
than a science.
● In the later 19th century, Sigmund
Freud was able to change
people's perception of
psychology with his revolutionary
theory of psychoanalysis.
Freudian Revolution
85
Departing the coast of South
America, the Beagle arrived at
the Galapagos Islands, where
Darwin would make his most
famous observations of species,
including the 14 or so closely
related species of finches now
commonly referred to as ____
Darwin's
finches.
86
that is the process for
achieving proper functioning if a human
does not complete his/her
developmental stage
Psychoanalysis
87
-Psychology
-Austrian, doctor
-Father of Psychoanalysis
-One of the First Psychologists to study
human motivation
Sigmund Freud ( 1856 - 1939 )
88
“What makes people do things?”
Motivation
89
is a theory
of psychology explaining human
motivation based on the pursuit of
different levels of needs
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
90
Air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing, reproduction
Physiological needs
91
personal security, employment, resources, health, property
Safety needs
92
friendship, intimacy, family, sense of connection
Love and belonging
93
Respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength, freedom
Esteem
94
Desire to become the most that one can be
Self-actualization
95
Being deprived of a need arouses a
feeling called ____
DRIVE or DESIRE
96
unconscious part of mind
this part of mind seeks to bring us
pleasure
-primitive parts of our personality
including aggression and sexual drives
Id
97
Conscious part of mind (Rational
Self)
Decides what action to take for positive
means and what to do based on what is
believed is the right thing to do
Ego
98
unconscious part of mind
that acts as our conscience. Reminds us
of what we should do.
Superego
99
the founder of
psychoanalysis, compared the human
mind to an iceberg. The tip above the
water represents consciousness, and
the vast region below the surface
symbolizes the unconscious mind.
Sigmund Freud
100
Thus in order to understand motivation,
you must understand what is in your
unconscious memory. This is the basis
of _____
PSYCHOANALYSIS.
101
has as its core the idea
that each of us has an unconscious part
whose existence, activities and thoughts
are hidden behind a mental barrier that
we cannot voluntarily remove.
PSYCHOANALYSIS.
102
Pre colonial technologies first include:
Jar ( Manungguul, Bulol )
Herbs and Herbal Medicines
Fire, Light and Heat
103
Filipinos were already engaged in farming. The ___ are among sophisticated products of engineering by pre-Spanish era
Banaue Rice Terraces
104
main source of livelihood rice,
coconuts, sugar cane, cotton, hemp,
bananas, oranges, and many species
of fruits and vegetables were grown
Agriculture
105
Agriculture is done in two ways : ____ and ____ when the
Spaniards came to the Philippines,
they noted that Cebu and Palawan
were abundant in many agricultural
foodstuffs
kaingin system
(slash and burn) and tillage
106
earliest known calendar-dated document used within the Philippine Islands inscribed in the Shaka year 822 ( Gregorian A.D 900 )
Laguna Copperplate Inscription
107
Accordingly they have their
_____ which script is different from
China, Japan and India. This account
was told by one of the first Spanish
missionaries who came in the
Philippines, _____
Alibata, Fr. Pedro Chirino.
108
Agricultural revolution ( just click ) :
1. Methods in Farming,
2. Stones for recording purposes,
3. Clay pottery and soil minerals for metallurgy, and
4. barter of different goods and resources.
109
other Precolonial times things ( just click )
1. Shipbuilding ( Karakoa and Balangay )
2. Martial arts and weaponry ( kampilan and kris )
3. Weaving
110
built to suit the tropical climate
▪called ____, made of wood,
bamboo, and nipa palm; it was built
on stilts and can be entered through
ladders that can be drawn up
bahay kubo
111
some Filipinos, such as the
Kalingas, Mandayas and Bagobos
built their houses on ___
treetops
112
others, such as the Badjaos, built
their houses on ___
boats
113
are terraces that were carved
into the mountains of Banaue,
Ifugao, in the Philippines
more than 2,000 years ago,
by the ancestors of the Igorot
people. The terraces are
located approximately 1,500
metres (4,900 feet) above sea
level.
The Banaue Rice Terraces
(Filipino: Hagdan-hagdang
Palayan ng Banawe)
114
During the pre-colonial time there was
already an indigenous spiritual traditions
practiced by the people in the Philippines.
Generally, for lack of better terminology
prehistoric people are described to be
____
animistic
115
During this pre-colonial era
historians have found out that the
_____ (dress of the
Tagalog) already existed. The
earliest _____
was worn by the natives of Ma-I (the
Philippines name before) just before
they were colonized by the
Spaniards. The men wore a sleeve-doublet made of
Canga (rough cotton) that reached slightly
below the waist. It is collarless with a front
opening. Their loins were covered with a
pane that hung between the legs and mid-
thigh.
"Barong Tagalog”
116
Tagalog and
Visayan men bound their temples and
forehead with a _____ (a narrow
strips of clothe). They also wore gold
jewelry and other accessories to
beautify their bodies.
putong
117
Mode of Dressing ( just click )
Male attire was composed of the kanggan (sleeveless
jacket) and bahag (loincloth) the color of the kanggan
indicates rank - red for the chief, black or blue for the
commoners men also wear a turban called pouchennej
which also tell the social status/achievement of the
individual wearing it female attire consisted of baro or
camisa (jacket with sleeves) and saya or patadyong (a
long skirt); some women wore a piece of red or white
cloth on top of their skirt called tapis
118
men and women wore ____ to look
attractive
ornaments
119
____ were also fashionable for some
precolonial Filipinos; they also exhibit a
man's war record
tattoos
120
____ – term coined by the
Spaniards for the Visayans
Islas del Pintados
121
____ was given more focus on the Spanish era
Trade
122
The ____ railways was established at the spanish era
Manila - Dagupan
123
The Manila - Dagupan Railway become ____ at the American Colonial Period and it's line extended to south luzon
Manila Railroad company
124
Filipino food technologist ___ is credited with inventing banana ketchup, soyalac, darak, etc.
Maria Y. Orose
125
The ___ system was established at the American colonial period
Public school
126
______ ( Dumaguete ) and ____ ( iloilio ) and ___ universities that are founded during the american colonial period
Siliman University, Central Philippine University, UP Manila
127
Modifications of ___ for public transport
War jeeps
128
Other things that happened in the post colonial period ( just click )
development of rice, corn and coconut industries,
Establishment of PAG-ASA, Philippine National Oil Company, National Academy of Science and Technology
Rise of Professional organizations of scientist and engineers
129
First generation text books were developed by ___ with educators from US, UK, Germany and Australia as consultants
UP science teaching center
130
Science textbooks were printed and distributed by the ______
USOM-NEC ( United States Operations Mission - National Economic Council )
131
is observed in the way they interpret the
movements of heavenly bodies to predict seasons and
climates.
⦿ They use ____ in preparing the soil for agricultural
purposes; they discovered the medicinal use of plants
science
132
Is used by people in building houses,
irrigations, and in developing tools that they can
use in everyday life.
Building Houses
Irrigation
Developing tools
Musical Instrument
Technology
133
Used by the people belong in
upper class or royal family
Jewelry
134
The different archaeological artifacts
discovered in different parts of the country
also prove that the ____ also had
significant influences on the lives of early
Filipinos.
____ influence
- Gold and silver Jewelry
- Trading with other
countries
- Indigenous or Folk
Science
Metal Age
135
has brought additional technology
and development in the Philippines.
Galleon trade
136
Spaniards colonization brought ( just click )
They established schools for girls and boys and
introduced the concept of subjects and discipline.
⦿ It was the beginning of the formal science and
technology in the country, known now as school of
science and technology.
⦿ Life during the Spanish Era slowly became modernized.
137
____ have more influence in the development of
Science and Technology in the Philippines compared to the
Spaniards
Americans
138
Americans have brought ( just click )
- Public education system
Improved the Engineering works
Improved health conditions of the people.
Established a modern research university, University of the
Philippines.
Created more hospitals than the former colonial master.
139
Filipinos learned the value of cleanliness, proper hygiene and healthy
practices
Hospitals, clinics and health centers were established including public
hospitals for lepers.
Health and Sanitation
140
It has explored the use ___ to help the countries improved its scientific
productivity.
ODA ( Overseas Development Allocations )
141
Clusters of Government Policies according to NRCP ( just click )
1. Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International
Policies and Governance.
2. Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth
and Space Sciences, and Mathematics.
3. Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
4. Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry.
142
Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International Policies and
Governance ( Just Click )
1. Integrating ASEAN awareness in basic education without
adding to the curriculum
2. Emphasizing teaching in the mother tongue
3. Developing school infrastracture and providing for ICT
broadband
4. Local food security
143
Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space
Sciences, and Mathematics ( Just Click )
1. Emphasizing degrees, licenses and employment
opportunities
2. Outright grants for peer monitoring
3. Review of RA 9184
4. Harnessing science and technology as an independent
mover of development
144
Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences ( just click )
1. Ensuring compliance of drug-manufacturing firms with
ASEAN-harmonized standards by full implementation of
the FDA
2. Creating an education council dedicated to
standardization of pharmaceutical services and care
3. Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct evidence-
based research as pool of information
4. Allocating 2% of the GDP to research
5. Legislating a law supporting human genome projects
145
Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry ( just click )
1. Protecting and conserving biodiversity by full
implementation of existing laws
2. Use of biosafety and standard model by ASEAN
countries
3. Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and
indigenous people's conservation
4. Formulation of common food and safety standards
146
is a well-known Filipino
scientist, especially to agriculturally involved
individuals in the Philippines for contributing
towards advancements in the mango industry. He
developed a process that caused the flowering and
fruiting of mango trees three times a year, instead
on once a year, so dramatically improving yields
Ramon Cabanos Barba
147
for his works on observing the
characteristics of Antartica by using
satellite images.
Josefino Cacas Comiso
148
known internationally in the field of
electrical engineering
Jose Bejar Cruz
149
notable for her research on sea snail venom.
Lourdes Jansuy Cruz
150
for his research herbal
medicine.
Fabian Millar Dayrit
151
for his research on tilapia
culture.
Rafael Dineros Guerrero III-
152
for
inventing the meconium drugs testing
Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.
153
for
doing research on plant
biotechnology
Lilian Formalejo Patena
154
for being
an outstanding educator and
graph theorist.
Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz
155
for his
research in the field of
communications technology
Gregory Ligot Tangona
156
an
internationally renowed
physicist
Caesar A. Saloma
157
famous
scientist in marine science
Edgardo Gomez
158
chemistry
and president of National
Academy of Science and
Technology (NAST)-
Philippines
William Padolina
159
Marine science
Angel Alcala
