STS Flashcards
They are only dependent on the resources available in nature. Their hunting tools were made from stones, wood, bone, ivory as evident in the Paleolithic age (specifically until Mesolithic period). The humans in this society are nomads, changing settlements from time to time, moving towards areas with abundant resources for their
hunter and gatherer society
The shift to this type of society became possible after they learned how to tame/domesticate animals and cultivate crops. The process of mining was also discovered by this society. Is this type of society still nomads with no permanentshifters and farmers society settlements? Definitely not. It is when they learned how to produce their own food that they started living in permanent settlements because there is no need for them to travel long distances in search for food
shifters and farmers society
Humans in this society discovered coal, gas, and oil used in cooking. These discoveries paved the way for industrialization. From small scale production, during this time factory-scale production became the norm for manufacturing businesses.
manufacturing/processing society
is how we will describe where we are now. It is where technologies are used for producing synthetic food and for recycling resources to satisfy the increasing human needs. In previous societies, they relied on what is available in nature andmade something useful out of it. But now, we are able to create synthetic materials that areresults of our scientific knowledge and creativity alone.
future man-made world
He classified societies based on the concept of waves where each wave propels the older societies and cultures aside. He is an American writer and futurist known for his works discussing the digital evolution, communication evolution, and technological singularity.
Alvin Toffler
The ___ is the one that replaced hunters/gatherers after agrarian revolution.
Basically, this society is composed of farmers. Likewise, small scale technologies were produced which came to existence through trial and error.
first wave society
The ____ is similar to the manufacturing/processing society previously discussed. This society flourished during the period of industrial revolution until the end of World War II. Likewise, scientific knowledge spread across the world for the first time during this time hence the inventions produced/manufactured in this period were based on scientific advancements in the fields of physics, biology, and chemistry. This society was characterized by mass production, mass consumption, mass distribution and even production of weapons of mass destruction.
second wave society
characterized as a post-industrialized society after World War II. People used modern technologies such as computers, robotics, and the like to create products and even do daily life activities. This society is associated with scientific-technological evolution.
the third wave society
Generally, an energy source that harms humans, whether directly or indirectly, is not considered a good source.
T OR F
T
As technology advances, our energy source options also increased. We can now generate energy from wind, from solar panels, hydrothermal vents, and even waste products of animals (this is what we call biogas). The goal of experts in this field is to generate, convert, and distribute energy without causing negative effects to humans and the environment.
Energy Technology
This include design and fabrication of different instruments, tools, gadgets, and machines that aim to create another product. It is more of tools for manufacturing such as laser, robots, spinning wheel, and different types of motors.
equipment technology
This type of technology includes tools and gadgets used to manage, process, and distribute information. I
information technology
This technology as its name implies is made for preservation, maintenance, treatment, and reproduction of living things. Common examples are genetic engineering, vaccines, antibiotic, organ transplant, surgery, and herbal medicine.
life technology
This technology is involved in extraction, fabrication, and synthesis of materials specifically for the benefit of mankind. Examples are mostly raw materials or those simple things needed in day to day activities such as iron brass, porcelain, ceramics, and plastics.
materials technology
is the process wherein technologies which may have been used for a very long time already are replaced by the new and better version especially with respect to performance and functionality. This occurs rapidly in this modern age of technology because if we are not satisfied, we tend to ask for more.
Substitution
it is the process by which an innovation is communicated through various channels and subsequently adopted over time among members of a society.
diffusion
The extent to which the culture is receptive to new things. In some countries, such as Britain and Saudi Arabia, tradition is greatly valued thus, new products often don’t fare too well. The United States, in contrast, tends to value progress.
Modernity
The more similar to each other that members of a culture are, the more likely an innovation is to spread-people are more likely to imitate similar than different models. The two most rapidly adopting countries in the World are the U.S. and Japan. While the U.S. interestingly scores very low, Japan scores high
Homophily:
The greater the distance between people, the less likely innovation is to spread.
Physical distance:
The more opinion leaders are valued and respected, the more likely an innovation is to spread. The style of opinion leaders moderates this influence, however. In less innovative countries, opinion leaders tend to be more conservative, i.e., to reflect the local norms of resistance
Opinion leadership:
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS (7)
- Percentage of Urban Population
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- Per Capita Income
- Income Distribution
- Gross National Product (GNP)
- Employment Rate
- Structure of Labor Force
- Human Life Expectancy
Measures either the income or the expenditures within the country.
Gross Domestic Product
Average income earned by a person in particular place
Per Capita Income
It represents the money spent by consumers in buying goods, the income from business establishments as well as government investments. Simply put, it represents the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country in a year. This does not include remittances from OFWs since it was generated overseas.
GDP
It is one way of measuring the economic status and the quality of life in different areas.
Per Capita Income
Measures how the GDP of a country is distributed equally
Income Distribution
Sum of all the goods and services produced in a country per year by its people
Gross National Product
Simply put it is the distribution of rich and poor. Here in the country, there is somehow an imbalance in the distribution of wealth since only 1% of the population controls most of the wealth in the country.
Income Distribution
In can be represented through this formula: (Income of people + Income overseas) - income paid to foreigners.
Gross National Product
is the measure at which all the available labor resources are being utilized. It is computed as the ratio of the employed to the working age population (18 years old and above). We can say that if the rate is above 70%, it is high while a low ratio would be below 50%.
employment rate
