STS Flashcards
came from the Greek root word “techne”
which means art, skill, and cunning of
hand
Technology
application of scientific knowledge, laws,
and principles to produce services,
materials, tools, and machines aimed at
solving real-world problems
Technology
the study of how
cultural values and interests affect
scientific research and technological
innovation and vice versa.
Science, Technology, and Society
-Is a TWO-EDGED function
-The significant role it plays in the
Philippine nation’s aspiration for
sustainable development is it accelerates
economic growth while minimizing
environmental impact
Science, Technology, and Society
➢ an accumulated and organized body of
knowledge that is intended to solve realworld problems.
➢ Systematic study of the natural world
Science
includes all the
technological objects manufactured by
humans.
Technosphere
“Our society is dependent
solely on science and technology and
without its understanding we are at the
threshold of disaster.”
Carl Sagan
“Modern science is a
discovery as well as an invention.”
John Heilbron
Technological tools
enhance a human’s sense or ability and
once amplified make life better.”
Mark Zuckerberg
discovered the
antibiotic Penicillin
Alexander Fleming
“Science is NOT the same
as technology”
Lewis Wolpert
10 Emerging Dilemmas and Policy Issues
- Helix
- BlessU-2 and Pepper
- Emotion-Sensing Facial
Recognition - Ransomware
- Textalyzer
- Social Credit System
- Google clips
- Sentencing Software
- Friendbot
- Citizen App
digital App Store designed to
read genomes
Helix
1st
robot
priest and monk
BlessU-2 and Pepper
software developed to
assess reactions
Emotion-Sensing Facial
Recognition
holding data storage
thru hacking and requiring ransom to
be paid
Ransomware
device analyzing
whether driver was using his/her
phone during an accident.
Textalyzer
system of
scoring citizens through their actions
by placing them under constant
surveillance
Social Credit System
hands-free camera
that lets the use capture every
moment effortlessly
Google clips
mysterious
algorithm designed to aid in courts
sentencing decisions
Sentencing Software
app that stores
deceased’s digital footprint so one can
still “chat” with them
Friendbot
app that notifies users
of ongoing crimes or major events in
specific area
Citizen App
means “factors that paved
the way for the presence of advanced and
sophisticated scientific and technological
innovation today”
Antecedent
➢ Aka Sumerian Wheel
➢ used for field work and food production
➢ a general agreement that this device
grew out of a mechanical device called
the potter’s wheel.
Ancient wheel
used as sheets for writing and
painting
Papyrus
hand-operated device used for
lifting water
Shadoof
➢ device used by Egyptians to predict
astronomical positions and eclipses
decades in advance.
Antikythera mechanism
➢ ancient invention laid the foundation for
the development of complex
mathematical calculations and is often
considered one of the earliest precursors
to modern computing
Antikythera mechanism
A steam-powered turbine which
spun when the water container at its center
was heated.
Aeolipile
used to cultivate land
faster
Sumerian plow
➢ Oldest form of writing
➢ Earliest known writing system developed
by the Sumerians
➢ Standardized the 1st writing system
Cuneiform
➢ Distinguished by its wedge-shaped
marks on clay tablets, the cuneiform
script is the oldest form of writing in the
world, first appearing even earlier than
Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Cuneiform
➢ used by Egyptians for record-keeping
➢ most well-known script used for writing
the Egyptian language
➢ some signs are pictures of real-world
objects while others are representations
of spoken sounds
Hieroglyphics
➢ came form the Greek word hieros
‘sacred’ and gluptien ‘carved in stone’
➢ well-preserved since they were carved at
the walls of the pyramids and other
structures.
Hieroglyphics
➢ not only improved agricultural
productivity but also had implications for
the development of modern machinery
and technology
➢ invented during the middle ages
Heavy plough
➢ unintended by-product of attempts made
by the Chinese to invent the elixir of life,
thus called by Chinese as “huoyao”,
roughly translated as “fire potion”.
Gunpowder
➢ The first known versions of paper money
can be traced back to the Chinese in the
17th century AD as an offshoot of the
invention of block printing, similar to
stamping
Paper money
➢ Paved the way for accurately keeping
track of time
Mechanical Clock
➢ Machine used for transforming fiber into
thread or yarn and eventually woven into
cloth on a loom
➢ Note: do not mistake this with the ancient
wheel as this is used for clothes while
ancient wheel is for transportation
Spinning Wheel
➢ By Zacharias Janssen
➢ Together with his father, experimented
with lenses by putting together several
lenses on a tube
Compound Microscope
➢ Galileo Galilei
➢ first used the telescope skyward and
made important astronomical discoveries
and identified the presence of craters and
mountains on the moon.
Telescope
➢ By Joseph Marie Jacquard
➢ Simplified textile manufacturing
Jacquard Loom
➢ Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright
Engine-powered airplane
➢ John Logie Baird
➢ Invented during the modern ages
Television (Modern television)
A scientific belief
that has been broadly accepted and
embraced by the society was challenged
and opposed by more credible ideas.
Intellectual revolution
NOTE:
- Copernican Revolution: 16th century
- Nicolaus Copernicus - Darwinian Revolution: mid-19th century
- Charles Darwin - Freudian Revolution: 20th century
- Sigmund Freud
formalized his model in the publication of
his treatise, De Revolutionibus Orbium
Coelestium in 1543.
Nicolaus Copernicus
- Aka Copernicus Model
- Sun is assumed to lie at or near a
central point while Earth and other
bodies revolve around it
Heliocentric model
- Aka Ptolemaic Model
- Note: NOT GEOLOGICAL MODEL
don’t be confused - Earth is believed to be the center of
the universe while other bodies
revolve around it
Geocentric model
➢ most important evolutionary evidence
discovered of the finches in the Galapos
Island is the finches’ size and shape of
beaks which had evolved to be able to
survive in acquiring different sources of
food
➢ gathered evidence for his theory of
natural selection
Charles Darwin
he process by which
species evolve through the differential
survival and reproduction of organisms
with favorable traits
Natural selection
Treatise on science of evolution, “On the
Origin of Species”, was published in _________
which began a revolution that brought
humanity to a new era of intellectual
discovery.
1859
can be likened to
Copernican revolution in its
demonstration of power of the laws of
nature in explaining biological
phenomena of survival &
reproduction.
Darwinian revolution
➢ focused on psychoanalysis as a school of
thought in psychology at the center of this
revolution.
Sigmund Freud
The idea of the
unconscious mind and repressed desires
Freudian Revolution
primitive and instinctual part of the
mind that contains sexual, aggressive
drives and hidden memories.
Id
realistic part that mediates between
the desires of the id and the super-ego.
Ego
moral conscience
Superego
Instincts
Id
Reality
Ego
Morality
Super Ego
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS
-Pre-colonial period
-Spanish colonial period
-American period
beginning of science
and technology in the Philippines
Pre-colonial period
Formal
educational system developed
Spanish colonial period
Developments in
science and technology during the
American regime were focused on
agriculture, medicine and pharmacy, food
processing, and forestry
American period
➢ National Academy of Science and
Technology (NAST) was renamed into
the Department of Science and
Technology (DOST)
➢ NAST -> DOST
Pres. Corazon Aquino
“Doctors to the Barrio” Program
Pres. Fidel Ramos
➢ RA 8749: The Philippine Clean Air Act
➢ RA 8792: Electronic Commerce Act
Pres. Joseph Estrada
➢ science and technology sector were
developed to strengthen the education
system and address poverty.
Pres. Gloria Arroyo
allows the
utilization of indigenous materials as a
source of energy
RA 9367: Biofuels Act -
coined to refer to the
Philippines as an innovation hub in Asia.
Filipinnovation
➢ Named 4 new national scientists in 2014
Pres. Benigno Aquino III
AFMech Law
RA 10601
Marine Biology
Gavino C. Trono
Biological Sciences
Angel C. Alcala
Horticulture
Ramon Barba
Marine Biology
Edgardo D. Gomez
➢ Philippine Space Technology Program
which launched Diwata-2 in 2018 after
the launch of Diwata-1 in 2016
Pres. Rodrigo Duterte
primary challenge that the Philippines faces
in harnessing Science and Technology for
national development is the shortage of
scientists and engineers
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES AND ENVIRONMENT
