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STS Flashcards

1
Q

came from the Greek root word “techne”
which means art, skill, and cunning of
hand

A

Technology

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2
Q

application of scientific knowledge, laws,
and principles to produce services,
materials, tools, and machines aimed at
solving real-world problems

A

Technology

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3
Q

the study of how
cultural values and interests affect
scientific research and technological
innovation and vice versa.

A

Science, Technology, and Society

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4
Q

-Is a TWO-EDGED function
-The significant role it plays in the
Philippine nation’s aspiration for
sustainable development is it accelerates
economic growth while minimizing
environmental impact

A

Science, Technology, and Society

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5
Q

➢ an accumulated and organized body of
knowledge that is intended to solve realworld problems.
➢ Systematic study of the natural world

A

Science

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6
Q

includes all the
technological objects manufactured by
humans.

A

Technosphere

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7
Q

“Our society is dependent
solely on science and technology and
without its understanding we are at the
threshold of disaster.”

A

Carl Sagan

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8
Q

“Modern science is a
discovery as well as an invention.”

A

John Heilbron

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9
Q

Technological tools
enhance a human’s sense or ability and
once amplified make life better.”

A

Mark Zuckerberg

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10
Q

discovered the
antibiotic Penicillin

A

Alexander Fleming

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11
Q

“Science is NOT the same
as technology”

A

Lewis Wolpert

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12
Q

10 Emerging Dilemmas and Policy Issues

A
  1. Helix
  2. BlessU-2 and Pepper
  3. Emotion-Sensing Facial
    Recognition
  4. Ransomware
  5. Textalyzer
  6. Social Credit System
  7. Google clips
  8. Sentencing Software
  9. Friendbot
  10. Citizen App
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13
Q

digital App Store designed to
read genomes

A

Helix

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14
Q

1st
robot
priest and monk

A

BlessU-2 and Pepper

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15
Q

software developed to
assess reactions

A

Emotion-Sensing Facial
Recognition

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16
Q

holding data storage
thru hacking and requiring ransom to
be paid

A

Ransomware

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17
Q

device analyzing
whether driver was using his/her
phone during an accident.

A

Textalyzer

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18
Q

system of
scoring citizens through their actions
by placing them under constant
surveillance

A

Social Credit System

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19
Q

hands-free camera
that lets the use capture every
moment effortlessly

A

Google clips

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20
Q

mysterious
algorithm designed to aid in courts
sentencing decisions

A

Sentencing Software

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21
Q

app that stores
deceased’s digital footprint so one can
still “chat” with them

A

Friendbot

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22
Q

app that notifies users
of ongoing crimes or major events in
specific area

A

Citizen App

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23
Q

means “factors that paved
the way for the presence of advanced and
sophisticated scientific and technological
innovation today”

A

Antecedent

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24
Q

➢ Aka Sumerian Wheel
➢ used for field work and food production
➢ a general agreement that this device
grew out of a mechanical device called
the potter’s wheel.

A

Ancient wheel

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25
Q

used as sheets for writing and
painting

A

Papyrus

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26
Q

hand-operated device used for
lifting water

A

Shadoof

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27
Q

➢ device used by Egyptians to predict
astronomical positions and eclipses
decades in advance.

A

Antikythera mechanism

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28
Q

➢ ancient invention laid the foundation for
the development of complex
mathematical calculations and is often
considered one of the earliest precursors
to modern computing

A

Antikythera mechanism

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29
Q

A steam-powered turbine which
spun when the water container at its center
was heated.

A

Aeolipile

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30
Q

used to cultivate land
faster

A

Sumerian plow

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31
Q

➢ Oldest form of writing
➢ Earliest known writing system developed
by the Sumerians
➢ Standardized the 1st writing system

A

Cuneiform

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32
Q

➢ Distinguished by its wedge-shaped
marks on clay tablets, the cuneiform
script is the oldest form of writing in the
world, first appearing even earlier than
Egyptian hieroglyphics.

A

Cuneiform

33
Q

➢ used by Egyptians for record-keeping
➢ most well-known script used for writing
the Egyptian language
➢ some signs are pictures of real-world
objects while others are representations
of spoken sounds

A

Hieroglyphics

34
Q

➢ came form the Greek word hieros
‘sacred’ and gluptien ‘carved in stone’
➢ well-preserved since they were carved at
the walls of the pyramids and other
structures.

A

Hieroglyphics

35
Q

➢ not only improved agricultural
productivity but also had implications for
the development of modern machinery
and technology
➢ invented during the middle ages

A

Heavy plough

36
Q

➢ unintended by-product of attempts made
by the Chinese to invent the elixir of life,
thus called by Chinese as “huoyao”,
roughly translated as “fire potion”.

A

Gunpowder

37
Q

➢ The first known versions of paper money
can be traced back to the Chinese in the
17th century AD as an offshoot of the
invention of block printing, similar to
stamping

A

Paper money

38
Q

➢ Paved the way for accurately keeping
track of time

A

Mechanical Clock

39
Q

➢ Machine used for transforming fiber into
thread or yarn and eventually woven into
cloth on a loom
➢ Note: do not mistake this with the ancient
wheel as this is used for clothes while
ancient wheel is for transportation

A

Spinning Wheel

40
Q

➢ By Zacharias Janssen
➢ Together with his father, experimented
with lenses by putting together several
lenses on a tube

A

Compound Microscope

41
Q

➢ Galileo Galilei
➢ first used the telescope skyward and
made important astronomical discoveries
and identified the presence of craters and
mountains on the moon.

A

Telescope

42
Q

➢ By Joseph Marie Jacquard
➢ Simplified textile manufacturing

A

Jacquard Loom

43
Q

➢ Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright

A

Engine-powered airplane

44
Q

➢ John Logie Baird
➢ Invented during the modern ages

A

Television (Modern television)

45
Q

A scientific belief
that has been broadly accepted and
embraced by the society was challenged
and opposed by more credible ideas.

A

Intellectual revolution

46
Q

NOTE:

A
  1. Copernican Revolution: 16th century
    - Nicolaus Copernicus
  2. Darwinian Revolution: mid-19th century
    - Charles Darwin
  3. Freudian Revolution: 20th century
    - Sigmund Freud
47
Q

formalized his model in the publication of
his treatise, De Revolutionibus Orbium
Coelestium in 1543.

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

48
Q
  • Aka Copernicus Model
  • Sun is assumed to lie at or near a
    central point while Earth and other
    bodies revolve around it
A

Heliocentric model

49
Q
  • Aka Ptolemaic Model
  • Note: NOT GEOLOGICAL MODEL
    don’t be confused
  • Earth is believed to be the center of
    the universe while other bodies
    revolve around it
A

Geocentric model

50
Q

➢ most important evolutionary evidence
discovered of the finches in the Galapos
Island is the finches’ size and shape of
beaks which had evolved to be able to
survive in acquiring different sources of
food
➢ gathered evidence for his theory of
natural selection

A

Charles Darwin

51
Q

he process by which
species evolve through the differential
survival and reproduction of organisms
with favorable traits

A

Natural selection

52
Q

Treatise on science of evolution, “On the
Origin of Species”, was published in _________
which began a revolution that brought
humanity to a new era of intellectual
discovery.

A

1859

53
Q

can be likened to
Copernican revolution in its
demonstration of power of the laws of
nature in explaining biological
phenomena of survival &
reproduction.

A

Darwinian revolution

54
Q

➢ focused on psychoanalysis as a school of
thought in psychology at the center of this
revolution.

A

Sigmund Freud

55
Q

The idea of the
unconscious mind and repressed desires

A

Freudian Revolution

56
Q

primitive and instinctual part of the
mind that contains sexual, aggressive
drives and hidden memories.

A

Id

57
Q

realistic part that mediates between
the desires of the id and the super-ego.

A

Ego

58
Q

moral conscience

A

Superego

59
Q

Instincts

A

Id

60
Q

Reality

A

Ego

61
Q

Morality

A

Super Ego

62
Q

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

A

-Pre-colonial period
-Spanish colonial period
-American period

63
Q

beginning of science
and technology in the Philippines

A

Pre-colonial period

64
Q

Formal
educational system developed

A

Spanish colonial period

65
Q

Developments in
science and technology during the
American regime were focused on
agriculture, medicine and pharmacy, food
processing, and forestry

A

American period

66
Q

➢ National Academy of Science and
Technology (NAST) was renamed into
the Department of Science and
Technology (DOST)
➢ NAST -> DOST

A

Pres. Corazon Aquino

67
Q

“Doctors to the Barrio” Program

A

Pres. Fidel Ramos

68
Q

➢ RA 8749: The Philippine Clean Air Act
➢ RA 8792: Electronic Commerce Act

A

Pres. Joseph Estrada

69
Q

➢ science and technology sector were
developed to strengthen the education
system and address poverty.

A

Pres. Gloria Arroyo

70
Q

allows the
utilization of indigenous materials as a
source of energy

A

RA 9367: Biofuels Act -

71
Q

coined to refer to the
Philippines as an innovation hub in Asia.

A

Filipinnovation

71
Q

➢ Named 4 new national scientists in 2014

A

Pres. Benigno Aquino III

72
Q

AFMech Law

A

RA 10601

73
Q

Marine Biology

A

Gavino C. Trono

74
Q

Biological Sciences

A

Angel C. Alcala

75
Q

Horticulture

A

Ramon Barba

76
Q

Marine Biology

A

Edgardo D. Gomez

77
Q

➢ Philippine Space Technology Program
which launched Diwata-2 in 2018 after
the launch of Diwata-1 in 2016

A

Pres. Rodrigo Duterte

77
Q

primary challenge that the Philippines faces
in harnessing Science and Technology for
national development is the shortage of
scientists and engineers

A

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES AND ENVIRONMENT

STS (2 decks)

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