Structures Of Respiration

Question 1

3 major systems (critical structures for respiration)

Answer 1

1. Bony thorax
2. Visceral thorax
3. Muscles of respiration

Question 2

What can you find in the bony thorax?

Answer 2

Vertebrae & vertebral column

Ribs & their attachment to vertebral column

Pectoral girdle

Sternum

Pelvic girdle

Question 3

Visceral thorax

Answer 3

Respiratory passageway
Lungs
Mediastinum

Question 4

Muscles of respiration

Answer 4

Diaphragm
Accessory muscles of inspiration
Accessory muscles of expiration
Muscles of postural control

Question 5

Functions of vertebral column

Answer 5

Helps shield & protect the spinal cord

provides stable attachment for trunk muscles

Question 6

What are Intervertebral discs made of?

Answer 6

They’re made of fibrocartilage

+ gelatinous core

Question 7

Functions of intervertebral discs

Answer 7

• separate individual vertebrae
• cushion forces exerted on vertebrae
• allow free space for spinal nerves to pass

Question 8

Visceral thorax

Answer 8

internal organs in the main cavities of the body

Question 9

Functions of the vertebral column

Answer 9

forms a supporting axis for vertebrate animals

helps shield & protect the spinal cord

Provides stable attachment for trunk muscles

Question 10

the junction between the skull & the spinal column called?

Answer 10

The cervical vertebral column

Question 11

uppermost vertebra

Answer 11

C1 atlas

Question 12

2nd upper most vertebra

Answer 12

C2 axis

Question 13

C1 function

Answer 13

supports the skull for rotation

Question 14

C2 axis

Answer 14

allows the skull to pivot

Question 15

C1 atlas

Answer 15

A smaller posterior surface than other vertebrae

Question 16

C2 axis

Answer 16

larger anterior protrusion “odontoid process”

Question 17

Pectoral girdles

Upper horizontal supports

Answer 17

• pectoral girdle

- shoulder girdle

Question 18

collarbone

Answer 18

clavicle

Question 19

shoulder blade

Answer 19

scapula

Question 20

Functions of Rib cage

Answer 20

encloses & protects vital organs

provides structural framework important for respiration (muscles)

Question 21

3 major parts of rib cage

Answer 21

• ribs
• sternum
• connection with thoracic vertebrae

Question 22

3 types of ribs

Answer 22

7 true ribs
3 false ribs
2 floating ribs

Question 23

True ribs

Answer 23

attach directly to the sternum

Question 24

False ribs

Answer 24

extended cartilaginous portion to attach to the sternum

Question 25

floating ribs

Answer 25

No sternal attachment

attach only onto the vertebral column

Question 26

3 major components of sternum

Answer 26

• manubrium sterni
• corpus
• xiphoid/ ensiform process