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Anatomy & Physiology of Speech-hearing Mechanisms > Body systems > Flashcards

Body systems Flashcards

1
Q

4 systems of speech

A
  1. Respiratory
  2. Phonatory
  3. Articulatory/ resonatory system
  4. Nervous
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2
Q

2 sub systems of the nervous system

A

CNS & PNS

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3
Q

CNS consists of

A

Brain & spinal cord

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4
Q

PNS consists of

A

Somatic & Autonomic nervous system

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5
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Voluntary control

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6
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Involuntary control

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7
Q

2 sub units of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic/ parasympathetic

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8
Q

Sympathetic

A

Flight, physical

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9
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Rest, digest

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10
Q

How many % of oxygen in the nervous system

A

20%

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11
Q

Function of neurons

A

Transmit information

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12
Q

Glial cells

A

supports neuron function

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13
Q

3 important structures of neuron

A
  1. Dendrites
  2. Soma
  3. Axon
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14
Q

Functions of neurons

A

communicate information

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15
Q

Function of dendrites

A

receive info

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16
Q

soma

A

cell body

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17
Q

Function of axon

A

relays info

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18
Q

After axon gets info, ……..

A 
generate action potential 
release neurotransmitter (chemicals) @ the end buttons
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19
Q

Effect of neurotransmitter

A

Muscle contraction

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20
Q

3 major structures of the brain

A
  1. Cerebrum
  2. Brainstem
  3. Cerebellum
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21
Q

Cerebrum

A

Cortex & sub cortex

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22
Q

4 lobes in cortes

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Temporal
  4. Occipital
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23
Q

Sulci, sulcus

A

Fissure/ crevices

24
Q

Guri, gyrus

A

Ridges

25
Q

Funtions of frontal lobe

A

cognition
motor
spoken language

26
Q

Parietal lobe

A

body sense

27
Q

Occipital lobe

A

visual information

28
Q

Temporal lobe

A

auditory information

29
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area?

A

Temporal lobe

30
Q

Where is Broca’s area?

A

Frontal lobe

31
Q

Functions of Broca’s area

A

Language expression

32
Q

Functions of Wernicke’s area

A

Language comprehension

33
Q

Insular lobe

A

Planning & organization of speech

34
Q

Subcortical structure

A

Thalamus
Subthalamus
Hippocampus
Basal ganglia

35
Q

Thalamus

A

Relay station for sensory info

36
Q

Subthalamus

A

works with basal ganglia for motor control

37
Q

Hippocampus

A

short or long term memory consolidation

38
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

muscle tone, control & motor learning

39
Q

3 structures of Brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

40
Q

Midbrain

A

houses cranial nerve nuclei

41
Q

Pons

A

houses cranial nerve nuclei

a communication bridge

42
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

houses cranial nerve nuclei

43
Q

Main function of the brainstem

A

controls the flow of messages to and from the brain and the body

44
Q

The cerebellum

A

integrates sensory inputs > motor activity

contributes to precision, coordination and timing of movements

45
Q

PNS stands for

A

Peripheral nervous system

46
Q

2 types of nerves in PNS

A

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

47
Q

Where are the cranial nerves?

A

Head and neck

48
Q

Where are spinal nerves?

A

the rest of the body

“Spinal cord”

49
Q

Main function of PNS

A

communicate sensory & motor information

50
Q

Sensory pathways

A

Afferent pathways

51
Q

Motor pathways

A

Efferent pathways

52
Q

Afferent pathways

A

Arrive (received by the brain)

53
Q

Efferent pathways

A

(Exit)

54
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves

55
Q

Function of neurons

A

transmit information

56
Q

Glial cells (function)

A

support neuron function

Anatomy & Physiology of Speech-hearing Mechanisms (6 decks)

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