structures of memory

Question 1

multistore model diagram

Answer 1

stimulus from environment –>
sensory register (eyes, ears, etc)–>
STM —(prolonged rehearsal)—>
LTM (maintenance rehearsal brings back to STM)

Question 2

sensory description

Answer 2

encoding –> from senses
capacity –> very high
duration –> less than a second

Question 3

STM description

Answer 3

encoding –> acoustic
capacity –> 5-9 items
duration –> less than 30 secs unless rehearsed

Question 4

LTM description

Answer 4

encoding –> semantic
capacity –> unlimited
duration –> lifetime

Question 5

role of rehearsal

Answer 5

you have to go over and over things to keep them in your memory. if you rehearse enough they will transfer to your LTM

Question 6

evaluation of multistore model of memory

Answer 6

supporting research for the evidence of memory stores - baddeleys study supports it

model is too simplistic - in fact we have more than 1 type of LTM, its not just a matter of sensory stm and ltm

artificial materials - word lists used in research make it lack validity as it doesnt reflect a real life situation

Question 7

primacy effect in recall

Answer 7

words at the beginning of a list are remembered more (rehearsal)

Question 8

recency effect in recall

Answer 8

words at the end of a list are remembered more (heard recently & still in STM)

Question 9

murdocks serial position curve study - aim

Answer 9

to see if words are affected by the location in a list

Question 10

murdocks serial position curve - method

Answer 10

pps learned 20 lists with 10-40 words on them, recalled after each list

Question 11

murdocks serial position curve - results

Answer 11

recall related to the position of words, high recall for the first words (primacy) and last words (recency)

Question 12

murdocks serial position curve study - conclusion

Answer 12

shows the serial position effect and supports the multi store model of memory

Question 13

murdocks serial position curve study - strength I

Answer 13

controlled lab study - high level of control so it could be concluded position of words determined recall

Question 14

murdocks serial position curve study - strength II

Answer 14

Supporting research – some amnesiacs can’t store LT, which shows the primacy effect is related to LTM

Question 15

murdocks serial position curve study - weakness

Answer 15

Artificial task – word lists were used which is only one type of memory, so study lacks validity. also doesnt reflect real life situations