Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Biology > Structures and Functions of Cell > Flashcards

Structures and Functions of Cell Flashcards

1
Q

The major parts of the cell:

___________, __________, & ___________

A
  1. Cell Membrane
  2. Cytoplas,
  3. Nucleus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plant cell is contain of …..

A
  1. Cell wall
  2. Nucleus
  3. Vacuole
  4. Chloroplast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

___________

  • A tough, nonliving layer made of
    __________ surrounding the cell
    membrane
  • Prevents plant cells from bursting
  • Allows water and slates to
    pass through (freely permeable)
A
  • Cell wall
  • cellulose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____________

  • Surrounded by nuclear __________ (double membrane) perforated by nuclear _____
  • Store the plant’s DNA and control the
    activity of the cell through protein
    synthesis
A
  • Nucleus
  • nuclear envelope
  • nuclear pores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

__________

  • A __________ space surrounded by a
    membrane; inside the ________- of
    plant cells
  • Contains salts and sugars; helps to
    keep plant cells firm
A
  • Vacuole
  • fluid-filled space
  • cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

__________

  • An organelle containing chlorophyll
  • Traps the light energy for photosynthesis
A
  • Chloroplast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Animal cell is composed of ………

A
  1. Nucleus
  2. Cell Membrane
  3. Ribosomes
  4. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
  5. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
  6. Golgi Apparatus
  7. Lysosomes
  8. Mitochondrion
  9. Peroxisome
  10. Cytoskeleton
  11. Centrosome
  12. Flagellum
  13. Microvilli
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

_____________

  • Surrounded by nuclear ________
    (double membrane) perforated by nuclear ______;
    nuclear ________ continuous with
    ____________.
  • ________ or ______- structure containing DNA
    in the form of ________
  • Houses chromosomes, which are made of
    _________________ ; contains __________,
    where ____________ subunits are made; pores regulate entry and exit of materials
  • Controls cell division; cell development; cell
    activities
A
  • Nucleus
  • envelope
  • pores
  • envelope
  • endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
  • circular or oval
  • chromosomes
  • chromatin (DNA & protiens)
  • nucleoli
  • ribosomal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____________

  • A partially layer that forms a boundary
    around the _________
  • Prevents cell contents from escaping
  • Controls what substances enter
    and leave the cell
A
  • Cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

______________

  • Two subunits made of _______ & _______; can be free in ______ or bound to _______
  • Protein synthesis
A
  • Ribosomes
  • ribosomal RNA & proteins
  • cytosol
  • ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

____________

  • Extensive network of membrane bounded
    ________ & _______ ; membrane separates
    ___________ from _______; continuous with
    nuclear envelope
A
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • tubules & sacs
  • lumen from cytosol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____________

  • Synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, Ca2+ storage, detoxification of drugs and poisons
A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_____________

  • Aids in synthesis of secretory and other proteins from bound ribosomes; adds carbohydrates to
    proteins to make glycoproteins; produces
    new membrane
A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_____________

  • Stacks of flattened _______________;
    has polarity (_________ & ___________)
  • ________________ of proteins, carbohydrates on
    proteins, and phospholipids; synthesis
    of many polysaccharides; sorting of Golgi
    products, which are then released in vesicles
A
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • membranous sacs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____________

  • Membranous sac of ______________
    (in animal cells)
  • Breakdown of _____________, cell macromolecules, and damaged organelles for
    recycling
A
  • Lysosomes
  • hydrolytic enzymes
  • ingested substances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

___________

  • Bounded by _____________; inner membrane has infoldings (________)
  • Cellular respiration
A
  • Mitochondrion
  • double membrane
  • (cristae)
17
Q

___________

  • Small organelle in animal cells
  • Produces ___________ peroxide as a by-product,
    then converts it to _____________
A
  • Peroxisome
18
Q

___________

  • Reinforces cell’s shape
  • Cell movement; components are made of
    proteins includes: ___________, _____________, & _______________
A
  • Cytoskeleton
19
Q

___________

  • Comprises two ____________________
  • Region where the cell’s ______________ are ______________-; contains a pair of ___________
A
  • Centrosome
20
Q

___________

  • Motility structure present in some animal cells
  • Composed of a cluster of ______________ within an extension of the_____________
A
  • Flagellum
21
Q

__________

  • Specialized ____________ of the_______________ of the cells
  • Projections that increase the cell’s surface area
A
  • Microvilli
22
Q

Nucleus has four components….

A
  1. Nuclear Membrane
  2. Nucleoplasm or karyolymph, nuclear sap, or karyoplasm
  3. Nucleolus
  4. Chromatin Network
23
Q
  • Double-membrane possessing pores
    surrounding the nucleus. It separates the __________ from the _________ also called the nuclear envelope.
A

Nuclear Membrane

24
Q
  • A semifluid within the nuclear membrane – act as an intermediate between nucleus and cytoplasm.
A

Nucleoplasm or karyolymph, nuclear sap, or karyoplasm

25
Q

– One or more spherical bodies of genetic ______________ for ribosome ___________.

A

Nucleolus

26
Q
  • (__________) – play a role in the synthesis
    of RNA and cell division. It contains _____________, __________, _________ & _________.
A

Chromatin Network

27
Q

The host ___________ would have benefited from an ability to utilize ______ or ______ organic food when, by chance, the __________ was _______ and not destroyed.

In other words, after these __________ entered by _________, a symbiotic relationship would have been established.

Some of the evidence for this endosymbiotic hypothesis is as follows:

A
  • eukaryotic cell
  • oxygen or synthesize
  • prokaryote
  • taken up
  • prokaryotes
  • endocytosis
  • symbiotic relationship
28
Q

_________ & _________ are similar to _________- in size and in structure.

A
  • Mitochondria & chloroplasts
  • Bacteria
29
Q

Both ___________ are bounded by a ___________ — the outer membrane may be derived from the ______________, and the inner
one may be derived from the ____________of the original prokaryote.

A
  • organelles
  • double membrane
  • engulfing vesicle
  • plasma membrane
30
Q

________ & _______- contain a limited amount of __________ and divide by _________. Their __________ is a circular loop like that of __________.

A
  • Mitochondria & chloroplasts
  • genetic material
  • splitting
  • DNA (deoxyribonucleic
    acid)
  • prokaryotes
31
Q

Although most of the __________ within _______ & ________ are now produced by the _________, they do have their own _________ and they do produce some _________.

Their ribosomes resemble those of prokaryotes.

A
  • proteins
  • mitochondria & chloroplasts
  • eukaryotic host
  • ribosomes
  • proteins
32
Q

The ______________ base sequence of the ribosomes in ______________ & _____________ also suggests a ____________ of these organelles.

It is also just possible that the _________ of eukaryotes are derived from an ___________ that became attached to a _________.

However, it is important to remember that the flagella of _______ are constructed ___________-.

In any case, the acquisition of __________, which could have become __________, may have led to the ability to form a spindle during ___________.

A
  • RNA (ribonucleic acid)
  • chloroplasts & mitochondria
  • prokaryotic origin
  • flagella
  • elongated bacterium
  • host cell
  • eukaryotes
  • differently
  • basal bodies
  • centrioles
  • cell division
33
Q

__________ are hollow, cylindrical aggregates of ______________ that help give the cell shape and form; they are also involved in other cell processes.

Made up of _______ of _________ arranged to form a hollow tube serve in moving materials within the cell, cell movement, cytoskeleton structure.

A
  • Microtubules
  • tube-like structure
  • 13 rows of globular proteins
34
Q

______________ are _______, ________, & _________ that appear to be responsible for the movement of cells (___________).

Made up of ______ arranged in a __________, with each filament consisting of numerous___________ joined together.

It serves in ____________ and moving them within the ________, _________, &_______.

A
  • Microfilaments
  • long, thin, & contractile rods
  • (both external and internal movement)
  • double filaments
  • helical patterns
  • globular proteins
  • anchoring organelles
  • cell, cell movement, cytoskeleton structure

General Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions