Cells and its Organelle

Question 1

Cell walls were first seen by _________ in _______ as he looked through a microscope at __________. But it took the wonderfully crafted lenses of _________to visualize living cells.

Answer 1

• Robert Hooke (1665)
• dead cells from the bark of an oak tree
• Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

Imagine Hooke’s awe when he visited _________ in _______ and the world of microorganisms—what his host called “___________”—was revealed to him.

Therefore, it was known that cells are found in animals as well as plants.

Answer 2

• Van Leeuwenhoek (1674)
• “very little animalcules”

Question 3

__________ noticed that ___________- in water jiggled around and he called it “____________” which led him to discover
the “__________” .

Answer 3

• Robert Brown
• pollen grains
• “Brownian motion”
• “Nucleus”

Question 4

In ________, ______________ -, a botanist who concluded that all ___________ are made of a unit of cells.

Answer 4

• Matthias Schleiden (1838)
• green plants

Question 5

In _______, ___________, a zoologist who concluded that all ______________ are made of
cells.

Answer 5

• Theodor Schwann (1839)
• animals

Question 6

German biologist ________ in ___________ stated that all cells come from the division of ________________.

Answer 6

• Virchow (1858)
• division of PRE-EXISTING CELLS

Question 7

The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory

1. All organisms are composed of o____________.
2. The cell is the _________ of life in all living things.
3. All cells are produced by the division of ____________.

Answer 7

1. • one or more cells
2. • basic unit
3. • division of pre-existing cells

Question 8

Modern Cell Theory contains 4 statements, in addition to the original Cell Theory:

1. The cell possesses __________________ which are handed on from __________ during the __________.

Answer 8

1. • hereditary units (DNA)
   • cell to cell
   • cell cycle

Question 9

2. All cells are the same in _________________ and ____________.

Answer 9

• Structural Composition
• Metabolic Activities

Question 10

3. All ___________are carried out ____________like movement.

Answer 10

• Basic innate functions
• Inside the cells

Question 11

4. __________ depends on the functions of ____________ within the cell.

Answer 11

• Cell activity
• Organelles

Question 12

The basic structural and functional units of every
organism

Are of two distinct types:
___________ and ___________.

Answer 12

• Cells
• Prokaryotic
• Eukaryotic

Question 13

Organisms of the domains _________ and _______ consist of prokaryotic cells.

Answer 13

• Bacteria & Archaea

Question 14

_____, ________, ______, & _____ all consist of
eukaryotic cells.

(“_________” is an informal term referring to a group of mostly unicellular ______).

Answer 14

• Protists, fungi, animals, & plants
• Protist
• eukaryotes

Question 15

Prokaryotic cells lack ______ and other ____________ organelles,

Answer 15

• nuclei
• membrane-enclosed

Question 16

Eukaryotic cells have _________ that
compartmentalize cellular functions.

The _______________ ratio is an important parameter affecting ____ size and shape.

Answer 16

• internal membranes
• surface-to-volume
• cell

Question 17

Eukaryotic means “true nucleus” (from the Greek ______ & _______, referring to the nucleus)

Answer 17

• “true nucleus”
• eu (true) & karyon (kernel)

Question 18

Prokaryotic means “_________-”
(from the Greek __________ ), reflecting the earlier evolution of prokaryotic cells.

Answer 18

• “before nucleus”
• pro (before)

Question 19

All cells share certain basic features:

All cells are bounded by a
_________________.

• functions as a ____________ that allows passage of enough oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
  to service the entire cell

Answer 19

• plasma membrane
• selective barrier