Structure of the Retina

Question 1

Rods and cones:

1. Ganglion cells

Answer 1

Axons form the optic nerve

Question 2

Rods and cones:

2. Bipolar neurones

Answer 2

Link photosensitive cells to ganglion cells

Question 3

Rods and cones:

3. Synaptic region

Answer 3

Connects rods and cones to bipolar neurones

Question 4

Rods and cones:

Inner segment

Answer 4

• Active metabolism
• Numerous mitochondria
• Protein (pigment) synthesis
• Numerous polysomes

Question 5

Rods and cones:

Outer segment

Answer 5

• Light sensitive region
• Pigment on membranes
• Large surface area
• Generator potential

Question 6

Rods:

Components

Answer 6

• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Lamallae

Choroid

Question 7

Cones:

Components

Answer 7

• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Infoldings of membrane

Choroid

Question 8

Distribution of Cells

There are more rods at the right side of the retina in the left eye (closer to the centre of the head).

What does this help?

Answer 8

This helps peripheral vision on the left side of the head.
The right eye would be the converse.