Structure of Respiratory System

Question 1

function of respiratory system

Answer 1

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the environment and the cells of the body

Question 2

conducting zone

Answer 2

bring air into and out of the respiratory zone for gas exchange and to warm, humidify, and filter the air before it reaches the critical gas exchange region

Question 3

respiratory zone

Answer 3

lined with alveoli where gas exchange occurs

Question 4

structures of conducting zone

Answer 4

includes nose, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles

Question 5

what lines the conducting airways?

Answer 5

cartilage, cilia and smooth muscle lines these airways

Question 6

structures of respiratory zone

Answer 6

includes respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs

Question 7

alveoli

Answer 7

~pouch-like evaginations of the walls of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and sacs
~exchange gas rapidly due to thin walls and large surface area for diffusion

Question 8

alveolar walls

Answer 8

these walls are rimmed with elastic fibers and lined with epithelial cells called type I and II pneumocytes

Question 9

type II pneumocytes

Answer 9

synthesize pulmonary surfactant which helps reduce surface tension of alveoli and have regenerative capacity

Question 10

alveolar macrophages

Answer 10

keep alveoli free of dust and debris because they have no cilia to perform this function

Question 11

gravitational effect

Answer 11

this is when pulmonary blood flow is not distributed evenly in the lungs due to positional changes of the body