Lung Volumes & Capacities Flashcards
tidal volume (Vt)
~normal quiet breathing
~approximately 500 mL
~includes the volume of air that fills the alveoli plus the volume of air that fills airways
inspiratory reserve volume
~maximal inspiration
~approximately 3000 mL
~the additional volume that can be inspired above tidal volume
expiratory reserve volume
~maximal expiration
~approximately 1200 mL
~ the additional volume that can be expired below tidal volume
residual volume (RV)
~ volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a maximal forced expiration
~approximately 1200 mL and cannot be measured by spirometry
inspiratory capacity (IC)
~composed of the tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume
~approximately 3500 mL
functional residual capacity (FRC)
~composed of the expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume
~approximately 2400 mL
~volume remaining in the lungs after normal tidal volume is expired
~equilibrium volume
vital capacity (VC)
~composed of the inspiratory capacity plus the expiratory reserve volume
~approximately 4700 mL
~volume that can be expired after maximal inspiration
~value increases with body size, male gender, and physical conditioning
~value decreased with age
total lung capacity (TLC)
~composed of all the lung volumes
~it is the vital capacity plus the residual volume
~5900 mL
dead space
the volume of the airways and lungs that does not participate in gas exchange
anatomic dead space
volume of gas that never reaches respiratory bronchioles and alveoli and has no chance of taking part in gas exchange
functional (alveolar) dead space
volume of gas that makes it to alveoli but to areas of lungs that are not perfused so cannot participate in gas exchange
physiological dead space
total volume of each breath that never takes part in gas exchange
