Structure of practice Flashcards
What is the whole method?
A skill in its entirety, all the sub-routines intact
What is the whole-part-whole method?
Do the task as a whole, find a weakness, work on it and then put it back to a whole task
What is progressive parts method?
When each part of the skill is added gradually over time to form a whole skill
Advantages of the whole method
- Keeps links between subroutines
- Fluency of the skill
- Develops understanding
Disadvantages of the whole method
- Can be too much information
- Not for beginners
- Beyond the capabilities of the performer
Give an example of a skill that may use the whole method
Tennis serve
Advantages of whole-part-whole method
- Shows weakness
- Corrects it
Disadvantages of whole-part-whole method
- Time consuming
- Some skills can’t be broken down
Give an example of a skill that may use whole-part-whole method
Golf swing when a performer has a bad grip
Advantages of progressive parts method
- Focus on weaknesses
- Keeps links between parts
- Has stages of success
Disadvantages of progressive parts method
- Time consuming
- If first part is wrong, rest is affected
- Negative transfer
Give an example of a skill that may use progressive parts
Dance routine
What is massed practice?
Practice doesn’t involve any breaks and is continuous
Advantage of massed practice
- Forms motor programmes
- Good for habitual responses
- Efficient
Disadvantages of massed practice
- No time for feedback
- Fatigue
- Too demanding
Example of a skill that may use massed practice
Basketball player practicing free throws
What is distributed practice?
When their is rest breaks between practice sessions
Advantages of distributed practice
- Allows recovery
- Less mental pressure
- Reduces injury danger
Disadvantages of distributed practice
- Time consuming
- Negative transfer
Example of a skill that may use distributed practice
Swimmer practicing stroke technique in training
What is varied practice?
Changing the skills and drills practiced along with the type of practice
Advantages of varied practice
- Builds a schema
- Gives motivation
- Allows adaptation
Disadvantages of varied practice
- Time consuming
- Negative transfer possibility
- Fatigue
- Too demanding
Example of a skill that may use varied practice
Players practicing a football pass
What is mental practice?
Going over a skill in the mind without movement
Advantages of mental practice
- Improves reaction time
- Builds motor programmes
- Builds confidence
- Controls anxiety
Disadvantages of mental practice
- Must be correct
- Environment must be calm
Example of a skill that may use mental practice
Performer going over their trampoline routine before competition
