Structure Of Plants

Question 1

What is the calyx and it’s function?

Answer 1

Outermost ring of structures containing the sepals which protect the flower.

Question 2

What is the corolla and it’s function?

Answer 2

Inside the sepals; a ring of petals which could be absent, small or large. There may be a nectary at the base, releasing nectar which is scented and attracts pollinators.

Question 3

What is the stamen and it’s role?

Answer 3

Contains the anther and filament which produce pollen grains. The filament contains vascular tissue transporting sucrose, mineral ions and water to pollen grains. The anther contains 4 pollen sacs arranged in 2 pairs side by side. When mature, pollen grains dehisce aka open and release pollen

Question 4

What are the male and female spores.

Answer 4

Male spores are pollen grains

Female spore is the embryo sac inside the ovule inside the ovary at the base of the style.

Question 5

What is the carpel?

Answer 5

Contains the female parts of each flower, meaning the ovary containing ovule and embryo sac, the style and the stamen which is a receptive surface.

Question 6

How does cross pollination occur?

Answer 6

Pollinators attracted by large coloured petals, scent and nectar. Long tongues reach sugary nectar at the base of petals. As they enter the flower the anthers brush against the thorax and legs leaving pollen on them. When it enters another flower it brushes the pollen against the stigma.

Question 7

How does wind pollination occur?

Answer 7

Anthers on outside blow small, smooth light pollen away. Stigmas has on the outside of flowers and provide a large surface area for catching pollen grains landing on their path.

Question 8

Compare insect and wind pollinated flowers

Answer 8

Colourful petals / small absent petals
Scent and nectar / no
Anthers in / out
Stigma in / out
Sticky pollen in small amnts/ smooth pollen in large amnts
Large pollen grains / small pollen grains