Structure Of Fish

Question 1

What four substances make up the structure of fish?

Answer 1

Myomeres

Connective tissue

Fat

Outer layer

Question 2

Write a note on myomeres.

3

Answer 2

They are short, thick fibres arranged in broad vertical bands.

These fibres are much shorter than those present in meat

They contain the proteins actin and myosin, minerals, vitamins, water and extractives

Question 3

Describe the structure of myomeres.

3

Answer 3

Short

Thick fibres

Arranged in broad vertical bands

Question 4

How do the myomeres in fish compare to the fibres in meat?

Answer 4

The fibres in fish are much shorter than those present in meat

Question 5

What proteins are contained in the myomeres?

2

Answer 5

Actin

Myosin

Question 6

List the substances are present in the myomeres.

5

Answer 6

Protein - myosin and actin

Minerals

Vitamins

Water

Extractives

Question 7

Write a note on the connective tissue in fish.

3

Answer 7

They hold myomeres in place

The tissue contains the protein collagen

Fish has less connective tissue than meat, and no elastin, therefore it is more tender and easier to digest, and it takes less cooking time

Question 8

What is the role of the connective tissue in fish?

Answer 8

They hold myomeres in place

Question 9

What protein is contained in the connective tissue?

Answer 9

Collagen

Question 10

Compare the ratio of elastin to collagen in the connective tissue of fish.

Answer 10

Fish connective tissue contains no elastin

Question 11

What makes fish more tender and easier to digest than meat?

2

Answer 11

Fish has less connective tissue than meat

Fish connective tissue has no elastin

Question 12

What affect does the small amount of connective tissue present have on fish?
(3)

Answer 12

It makes fish more tender

It makes fish easier to digest

It takes less cooking time to cook fish

Question 13

Where in fish is the protein collagen found?

Answer 13

Connective tissue

Question 14

Where in fish is the protein myosin found?

Answer 14

The myomeres

Question 15

Where in fish is the protein actin found?

Answer 15

The myomeres

Question 16

Write a note on the fat present in fish.

3

Answer 16

Fat is invisible in oily fish as it is dispersed between the myomeres and the connective tissue

The flesh of white fish has no fat, as white fish store fat in their livers

Fish livers are often pressed to form nutritional supplements, such as cod liver oil

Question 17

How is fat present in oily fish?

2

Answer 17

Fat is invisible in oily fish

It is dispersed between the myomeres and the connective tissue

Question 18

How is fat present in white flesh?

2

Answer 18

The flesh of white fish has no fat

This is because fat is only stored in the liver of white fish

Question 19

What is often done to fish livers?

Answer 19

They are often pressed to form nutritional supplements such as cod liver oil

Question 20

What nutritional supplement can be formed from the livers of fish?

Answer 20

Cod liver oil

Question 21

Why are the livers of fish often pressed to form nutritional supplements?
(2)

Answer 21

Because the fat of white fish is contained in their livers

This means that the fat soluble vitamins such as A,D,E and K are present in the liver

Question 22

Write a note on the outer layer of fish.

2

Answer 22

This is a waterproof, scaly skin which covers the flesh of white and oily fish

A shell encloses the flesh of shellfish

Question 23

Describe the outer layer of oily fish and white fish.

Answer 23

A waterproof, scaly skin which covers the flesh of white and oily fish

Question 24

Describe the outer layer of shellfish.

Answer 24

A shell encloses the flesh of shellfish

Question 25

What does the outer layer of fish enclose?

Answer 25

It encloses the flesh of fish