Structure of DNA and RNA

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

carries genetic material

Question 2

function of DNA

Answer 2

hereditary material responsible for passing genetic information from cell to cell and generation to generation

Question 3

Structure of DNA

Answer 3

A double helix made out of nucleotides that form two long stands and are held together by hydrogen bonds
-Contains a pentose sugar that is deoxyribose and a base (A,T,G,C)

Question 4

Adaptations of DNA

Answer 4

-a stable molecule which normally passes on genetic material without significant change
-it’s two separate strands that are joined only with hydrogen bonds which allow them to separate during DNA replication
-its an extremely large molecule that allows it to carry an immense amount of genetic information

Question 5

Individual nucleotide structure

Answer 5

phosphate, pentose sugar, base

Question 6

What are the DNA bases

Answer 6

adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

Question 7

Which bases are complimentary

Answer 7

A-T and G-C

Question 8

What are the requirements of semi-conservative replication

Answer 8

-the 4 types of nucleotide must be present
-both strands of DNA act as a template
-The enzyme DNA polymerase
-A source of chemical energy is required to drive the process

Question 9

DNA replication

Answer 9

1. section of DNA
2. DNA helixcase breaks the H bonds between bases
3. free nucleotides bind to complementary bases
4. DNA polymerase builds polynucleotides by forming phosphodiester bonds
5. 2 new polynucleotides chains have formed. Each strand has half the original genetic material

Question 10

RNA

Answer 10

A polymer made of nucleotides, it’s a single, relatively short polynucleotide chain

Question 11

What is the difference in bases in RNA

Answer 11

Thymine is replaced with uracil