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Unit 2 > Structure Of Arteries > Flashcards

Structure Of Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

What is the central space of a blood vessel called and what is it lined with ?

A
  • lumen

* limed with endometrium

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2
Q

What do the arteries do

A

Carry blood at high pressure AWAY from the heart

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3
Q

What are the smallest arteries called and what do they do?

A

Arterioles

Supply blood to capillaries

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4
Q

Structure of artery

A

Central layer - lumen
Middle layer - smooth muscle with elastic fibres
Outer layer- elastic wall

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5
Q

What causes high pressure blood into arteries ?

A

Contractions of the heart

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6
Q

What do the elastic fibres in arteries do? (2)

A

Allow artery walls to stretch as blood passes through

Fibres recoil between beats to maintain high pressure

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7
Q

What is it called when the smooth muscle contracts to decrease diameter of lumen

A

Vasoconstriction

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8
Q

What does vasoconstriction do?

A

Decreases the flow of blood to capillaries

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9
Q

What happens when smooth muscle is relaxed

A

Vasodilation

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10
Q

What is vasodilation

A

Increases blood flow to capillaries

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11
Q

What do veins do?

A

Carry Low blood pressure back to the heart

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12
Q

What are the smallest veins called?

A

Venules

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13
Q

What do venules do?

A

Remove blood from the capillaries

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14
Q

Structure of a vein

A
  • elastic outer layer
  • thin muscular wall
  • wise lumen - and endometrium
  • valves
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15
Q

What do valves do

A

Prevent backflow of blood to heart at low pressure

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16
Q

What do capillaries do

A

Exchange substances carried in blood

17
Q

Structure of capillaries & what does it allow

A

Have lumen and very thin walls and endothelium

Quick exchange of materials

18
Q

Where do capillaries occur and where are they

A

Occur in capillary beds which run between body tissue

19
Q

What does high pressure of arteriolar blood cause

A

Pressure filtration which causes capillaries to exclude plasma

20
Q

What does plasma become?

A

Tissue fluid which bathes in cells

21
Q

What does tissue fluid do?

A

Exchanges materials with cell and returns to capillaries by osmosis and diffusion

22
Q

What happens to excess tissue fluid

A

Drains into lymph vessels and become lymph

23
Q

What is the pressure of lymph fluid

A

Even lower than that of blood in veins

24
Q

What does lymph vessels contain

A

Valves
Lymph nodes
Lymph capillaries

25
Q

What do skeletal muscles do

A

Squeeze lymph through valves

26
Q

What does the lymphatic system do

A

Returns lymph fluid back to blood stream

27
Q

Where does returning lymph go

A

Passes through series of lymph nodes

28
Q

What do lymph nodes contain

A

Lymphocytes and other immune cells

29
Q

What do lymph nodes do?

A

Act as a filter- removing foreign particles from lymph fluid

Unit 2 (12 decks)

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