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Anatomy > Structure & Function Of The body > Flashcards

Structure & Function Of The body Flashcards

1
Q

Chemical Level

A

Atoms and molecules

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2
Q

Cells

A

The smallest structural units

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3
Q

Tissues

A

Organizations of similar cells

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4
Q

Organs

A

Organizations of different kinds of tissues

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5
Q

Systems

A

Organizations of many different kinds of organs

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6
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head,upper,above

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7
Q

Inferior

A

Toward the feet,lower,below

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8
Q

Anterior

A

Front, in front of (same as ventral in humans)

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9
Q

Posterior

A

Back, in back of (same as dorsal in humans)

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10
Q

Medical

A

Toward the midline of a structure

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11
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline or toward the side of a structure

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12
Q

Proximal

A

Toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest the point of origin of a structure

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13
Q

Distal

A

Away from or farthest from the trunk,

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14
Q

Superficial

A

Nearer the body surface

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15
Q

Deep

A

Farther away from the body surface

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16
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Lengthwise plane that divides a structure into right and left sections

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17
Q

Midsagittal

A

Sagittal plane that divides the body into two equal halves

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18
Q

Frontal (coronal)Plane

A

Lengthwise plane that divides a structure into anterior and posterior sections

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19
Q

Transverse plane

A

Horizontal plane that divides a structure into upper and lower sections

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20
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

Division of the anterior (ventral) cavity that houses the abdominal and pelvic viscera

21
Q

anabolism

A

Assembly of more complex molecules from simpler molecules

22
Q

anatomical position

A

Standard reference position used for describing locations and directions on the human body

23
Q

anatomy

A

Science that studies the form and composition of the body’s structures

24
Q

catabolism

A

Breaking down of more complex molecules into simpler molecules

25
Q

caudal

A

Describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper

26
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

Medical imaging technique in which a computer-enhanced cross-sectional X-ray image is obtained

27
Q

control center

A

Compares values to their normal range; deviations cause the activation of an effector

28
Q

Cranial

A

Describes a position above or higher than another part of the body proper; also referred to as superior

29
Q

cranial cavity

A

Division of the posterior (dorsal) cavity that houses the brain

30
Q

development

A

Changes an organism goes through during its life

31
Q

differentiation

A

Process by which unspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function

32
Q

Dorsal

A

Describes the back or direction toward the back of the body; also referred to as posterior

33
Q

effector

A

Organ that can cause a change in a value

34
Q

gross anatomy

A

Study of the larger structures of the body, typically with the unaided eye; also referred to macroscopic anatomy

35
Q

Growth

A

Process of increasing in size

36
Q

homeostasis

A

Steady state of body systems that living organisms maintain

37
Q

Lateral

A

Describes the side or direction toward the side of the body

38
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Medical imaging technique in which a device generates a magnetic field to obtain detailed sectional images of the internal structures of the body

39
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all of the body’s chemical reactions

40
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

Study of very small structures of the body using magnification

41
Q

negative feedback

A

Homeostatic mechanism that tends to stabilize an upset in the body’s physiological condition by preventing an excessive response to a stimulus, typically as the stimulus is removed

42
Q

normal range

A

Range of values around the set point that do not cause a reaction by the control center

43
Q

Nutrients

A

Chemical obtained from foods and beverages that is critical to human survival

44
Q

Organ

A

Functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissues

45
Q

organ system

A

Group of organs that work together to carry out a particular function

46
Q

organism

A

Living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life

47
Q

Pericardium

A

Sac that encloses the heart

48
Q

peritoneum

A

Serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs found there

Anatomy (2 decks)

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