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Anatomy and physiology-Wilsher > Structure and Function of the Heart > Flashcards

Structure and Function of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

List all of the parts of the heart

A 
Aorta
superior vena cava
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
inferior vena cava
pulmonary valve
left atrium
bicuspid valve
aortic valve
left ventricle
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2
Q

what is the function of the aorta?

A

takes oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body cells main artery in body

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3
Q

what is the function of the vena cava?

A

takes deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium

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4
Q

what is the function of the pulmonary artery?

A

takes deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

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5
Q

what is the function of the pulmonary veins?

A

(only time a vein will carry oxygenated blood)

takes oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

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6
Q

what is the function of the right atrium?

A

chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from body cells

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7
Q

what is the function of the tricuspid valve?

A

stops the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium when the ventricle contracts

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8
Q

what is the function of the right ventricle?

A

receives blood from the right atrium

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9
Q

what is the function of the pulmonary valve?

A

stops the backflow of blood into the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery

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10
Q

what is the function of the left atrium?

A

chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

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11
Q

what is the function of the bicuspid valve?

A

stops the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into atrium when the ventricles contract

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12
Q

What is the function of the aortic valve?

A

stops the backflow of blood into the left ventricle from the aorta

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13
Q

what is the function of the left ventricle?

A

receives blood from the left atrium

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14
Q

what side of the heart does systematic circulation take part on?

A

left

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15
Q

what side of the heart does pulmonary circulation take part on?

A

right

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16
Q

what is an ECG and what does it do?

A

an electrocardiogram
it takes a reading of your heart, leads from the machine are attached to your body on your legs arms and chest and it reads signals of your heart while sending information to the electrocardiograph

17
Q

what is the healthy beat of a heart?

A

PQRST

18
Q

Define myogenic (what the heart muscle is)

A

originating in muscle tissue (rather than from nerve impulses).

19
Q

What does it mean if the heart is myogenic?

A

It has the ability to create its own electrical impulses that pass through the muscular walls, forcing them to contract

20
Q

What is the conduction system?

A

The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle.

21
Q

How many structures are in the conduction system?

A 
5
sinoatrial node
atrioventricular node
bundle of his
bundle branches
porcine fibres
22
Q

What does the sinoatrial node do?

A

SA node is located in the right atrial wall and generates the electrical impulse and fires it through the atrial walls causing them to contract. The pacemaker firing rate determines the heart rate

23
Q

what does the atrioventricular node do?

A

AV node gets the impulse and delays it to allow the atria to finish contracting and it then releases it to the bundle of his

24
Q

what does the bundle of his do?

A

it is located in the septum and the bundle of his splits the impulse into two so that it is ready to be distributed into each ventricle

25
Q

what do the bundle branches do?

A

carry the impulse to the base of each ventricle

26
Q

what does the purkyne fibres do?

A

they distribute the impulse through the ventricle walls causing them to contract
once the electrical impulses journey is complete the atria and ventricles relax

27
Q

what number is your diastole blood pressure? What does it measure?

A

the bottom number
it measures the force of blood against your artery walls as your heart relaxes and the ventricles are allowed to refill with blood
defined as period of ventricular relaxation

28
Q

what number is your systole blood pressure? what does it measure?

A

the top number
it measures the force of blood against your artery walls while your ventricles squeeze and push out blood to the rest of the body

29
Q

what is hypertension?

A

high blood pressure

30
Q

what is hypotension?

A

low blood pressure

31
Q

what is considered a normal blood pressure reading?

A

120/80

32
Q

What is the difference between the atrioventricular and semilunar valves?

A

The atrioventricular valves allow blood to pass from the atria to the ventricles
The semilunar valves open to let blood pass out of the ventricles

Anatomy and physiology-Wilsher (8 decks)

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