Structure and Function of the heart

Question 1

What does the heart consist of?

Answer 1

The Heart consists of four chambers the left and right are separate but there are valves between the top and bottom chambers

Question 2

What are the upper and lower chambers?

Answer 2

the upper chamber is the left and right atria and they receive blood. the bottom chamber is the left and right ventricle and they pump blood out of the heart

Question 3

What is the process of deoxygenated blood?

Answer 3

deoxygenated blood arrives to the right atrium from the vena cava. next, it is sent to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. it is then pushed by the muscles of the right ventricle to the lungs through the pulmonary artery to be oxygenated

Question 4

what is the process of oxygenated blood?

Answer 4

oxygenated blood returns from the lungs back to the left atrium. it is then pushed into the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve and then out of the aorta through the aortic semilunar valve.

Question 5

What is the structure of the atrium

Answer 5

The atrium is a thin-walled chamber that receives blood from the veins

Question 6

What is the function of the right atrium?

Answer 6

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava and pumps it to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve

Question 7

What is the function of the left atrium

Answer 7

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood to the heart from the pulmonary veins.

Question 8

What is the structure of the left ventricle

Answer 8

The left ventricle is one of the four chambers and is located in the bottom left below the left atrium

Question 9

What is the structure of the right ventricle

Answer 9

The right ventricle is triangular in shape and extends from the tricuspid valve to the apex of the heart

Question 10

What is the function of the left ventricle

Answer 10

The function of the left ventricle is that it pumps out oxygen through the aortic valve.

Question 11

What is the function of the right ventricle

Answer 11

The function of the right ventricle is that it passes the blood onto the pulmonary artery

Question 12

What is the structure of the septum

Answer 12

The septum is a thick structure made of muscular bands that separates the left and right ventricles and helps with cardiac function.

Question 13

What is the function of the septum

Answer 13

The septum divides the left and right sides of the heart so it stops the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Question 14

What is the structure of the semilunar valve

Answer 14

The semilunar valve has a half-moon shape and consists of the endocardium and connective tissues

Question 15

What is the function of the semilunar valve

Answer 15

The semilunar valve Prevents the back flow of blood into the ventricles when ventricles relax.

Question 16

What is the structure of the Vena Cava

Answer 16

The vena cava is a large vein that carries blood to the heart from other areas of the body. it also has two parts the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava

Question 17

What is the function of the inferior vena cava

Answer 17

the inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium.

Question 18

What is the function of the superior vena cava

Answer 18

the superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium

Question 19

What is the function of the pulmonary vein

Answer 19

the pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood from the lungs alveoli into the left atria

Question 20

What is the structure of the pulmonary artery

Answer 20

the pulmonary artery has a shape like a capital T

Question 21

What is the function of the pulmonary artery

Answer 21

the pulmonary artery transports deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question 22

what is the function of the aorta

Answer 22

it carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Question 23

Why is the left side of the ventricle thicker compared to the right side

Answer 23

because it has to pump the blood further around the body and against higher pressure,

Question 24

Cardiac muscle is myogenic.

what does myogenic mean?

Answer 24

Myogenic means that the heart has its own neural conduction system and does not need signals from the Central nervous system to make it contract.

Question 25

What is the formula for cardiac output

Answer 25

heart rate x stroke volume

Question 26

Where is the sinoatrial node located and what is its role in the neural control of the cardiac cycle.

Answer 26

the sinoatrial node is located in the wall of the right atrium. the sinoatrial node controls how fast the heart beats

Question 27

what is the function of the atrioventricular node

Answer 27

the atrioventricular node is the gateway for electrical impulses to pass from the atria to the ventricles to initiate ventricular systole

Question 28

What does the bundle of his consist of and what is its function

Answer 28

Bundle of his consists of specialised muscle fibres that conduct electrical impulses.

and consists of the left and right bundle branches

Question 29

What is the function of the Purkinje fibres

Answer 29

The Purkinje fibres transmit impulses to the ventricular walls.

Question 30

What are the three parts of the cardiovascular system

Answer 30

Blood
Blood vessels
Heart

Question 31

Where is the location of the bicuspid valve

Answer 31

The bicuspid valve is located on the left side of the heart below the left atrium and above the left ventricle