structure and function of joints and tissues Flashcards
What is a joint?
A joint is a connection point of 2 or more bones.
What is a bone?
Bone is the primary component of the body, providing support, protection, and movement.
What are ligaments?
Ligaments are tough, flexible bands of connective tissue that connect bones to bones, stabilizing joints and limiting their range.
They have very poor blood supply.
What is cartilage?
Cartilage is a smooth, slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints, reducing friction and allowing for smooth, pain-free movement.
What is fascia?
Fascia is a web-like layer of connective tissue that surrounds and supports muscles, organs, and other structures, contributing to movement efficiency.
What are tendons?
Tendons are strong, cord-like structures that connect muscles to bones, transmitting the force of muscle contraction to enable movement.
What are fibrous joints?
Fibrous joints have a thin layer of fibrous tissue connecting the edges of two bones, are continuous with the periosteum, and allow no movement.
Example: bones of the skull.
What are cartilaginous joints?
Cartilaginous joints have bones separated by a fibrocartilage disc or thick layer of hyaline cartilage, allowing limited movement.
Example: vertebral column or connecting ribs to sternum.
What are synovial joints?
Synovial joints are the most commonly occurring joints and are most important for motility.
What is a hinge joint?
A hinge joint, such as the knee, allows for flexion and extension.
What is a ball-and-socket joint?
A ball-and-socket joint, such as the shoulder, provides a wide range of motion.
What is a pivot joint?
A pivot joint, such as the atlantoaxial joint in the neck, allows for rotation, enabling us to turn our heads left and right.
Also found in the forearm - radio-ulna joint.
What is a gliding joint?
A gliding joint, such as the wrist, permits small controlled movements.
What is a saddle joint?
A saddle joint, such as the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, allows for a wide range of motion.
What are condyloid joints?
Condyloid joints, found between the radius and carpal bones, help with rotation.
