skeletal system Flashcards
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7 cervical
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12 thoracic
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5 lumbar
How many sacral vertebrae are there?
5 sacrum
How many coccygeal vertebrae are there?
4 coccyx
What is the sagittal axis?
From front to back
What is the frontal axis?
Going from right to left
What is the longitudinal axis?
Top to bottom
What is flexion?
Decreases the angle between two body parts
What is extension?
Increases the angle between two body parts
What is abduction?
Movement that draws a body part away from the midline
What is adduction?
Movement that moves a body part towards the midline
What is pronation?
Rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palm or sole faces downward
What is supination?
Rotation so that the palm or sole faces upwards
What is dorsiflexion?
Movement that brings the top of the foot close to the shin
What is plantarflexion?
Movement that points the toes downwards
What is elevation?
Movement that raises a body part
What is depression?
Movement that lowers a body part
What is circumduction?
Movement that involves flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction, creating a circular motion of a body part
What does superior mean?
Position above a specific point
What does inferior mean?
Position below a specific point
What does proximal mean?
Position closer to the point of attachment or trunk of the body
What does distal mean?
Position farther from the point of attachment or trunk of the body
What does anterior mean?
Front
What does posterior mean?
Back
What does medial mean?
Closer to the midline of the body
What does lateral mean?
Farther from the midline of the body
What does intermediate mean?
Position in between two other positions
What is a long bone? Give an example.
A bone that is longer than it is wide
Example: tibia, phalanges
What is a short bone? Give an example.
A bone that is approximately as long as it is wide
Example: carpals, tarsals
What is a flat bone? Give an example.
A bone that is thin and flat
Example: cranium, ribs
What is an irregular bone? Give an example.
A bone that has a complex shape
Example: vertebrae, scapula
