Structure and function of eccrine, apocrine and sebaceous glands Flashcards
Where are Eccrine glands found in greatest density?
What is their morphology?
Cell types?
Present at birth? Innervation?
Associated with hair follicle?
Function/ role?
Palms and soles
Long, thin duct with narrow lumen and secretory coil
Large clear secretory cells, dark cells and myoepithelial cells
Yes present at birth, innervated by sympathetic nervous system/ ACH
No relationship to pilosebaceous unit
Role in Thermoregulation/ hyperhidrosis/ hypohydrosis
Where are Apocrine glands found in greatest density?
What is their morphology?
Cell types?
Present at birth? Innervation?
Associated with hair follicle?
Function/ role?
Axilla, anogenital, periumbilical, nipples and areola
Short thick duct which opens into follicular canal/ secretory coil with wide lumen
Epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells
Maybe B adrenergic receptor agonist innervation
Present at birth/ associated with terminal hair follicle
Unclear roll
Where are Apoeccrine glands found in greatest density?
What is their morphology?
Cell types?
Present at birth? Innervation?
Associated with hair follicle?
Function/ role?
Axilla
Similar duct to eccrine gland
Similar to Eccrine and apocrine morphologically
Innervated with sympathetic fibers/ acetylcholine
No relationship to pilosebaceous follicle
Unclear / possible roles in thermoregulation
Increased (pathologic) activity of eccrine glands is AKA
Proteolytic activity by resident and transient skin flora (microbiota) can lead to odor-producing substances (e.g. ammonia, short-chain fatty acids); this is referred to
hyperhidrosis
Eccrine Bromhidrosis
Ductal plugs within the stratum corneum leads to ____
Intraepidermal and dermal duct occlusion induces ____
superficial milaria (milaria crystallina)
Miliary rubra or profunda (dermal)
Apocrine sweat glands are bigger/ smaller than ecrrine
Larger
Apocrine glands secretions include
TGs, cholesterol, fatty acids, squalene, pheremones
stinky shit = bromhidrosis
A sebaceous follicle contains 4 parts:
Keratinized follicular infundibulum
Hair
Sebaceous gland
Sebaceous duct
Cells within sebaceous glands contain androgen receptors that bind ___
DHT
The first pathogenic steps of Acne Vulgaris is ___
Abnormal keratinization → increased proliferation and retention of corneocytes in the infundibulum resulting in microcomedo
Free fatty acids in Sebum acts as a chemotactic for ____
Neutrophils
EGFR inhibitors cause what effect to keratinocytes
disturbs normal differentiation/ morphogenesis of hair follicles → inducing hyperkeratosis/ follicular plugging, growth of microoganisms and dilated infundibula
memorize this
Are thre functional eccrineglands at birth>
Yes
They have no developmental relationship with the pilosebaceous follicle
How are eccrine glands implicated in toxic erythema of chemotherapy and neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis?
It is thought that the chemotherapy is excreted into the eccrine ducts
