Structure And Function

Question 1

• is the largest organ of the body.
• It is a physical barrier that protects the underlying tissues and organs from microorganisms, physical trauma, ultraviolet radiation (UVR), and dehydration.
• It plays a vital role in temperature maintenance, fluid and electrolyte balance, absorption, excretion, sensation, immunity, and vitamin D synthesis.
• also provides individual identity to a person’s appearance.

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

outer layer of skin and is composed of four distinct layers:

Answer 2

Epidermis

Question 3

4 distinct leyers of epidermis

Answer 3

 Stratum Corneum (horny layer)
 Stratum Lucidum (clear layer)
 Stratum Granulosum (granular layer)
 Stratum Germinativum / Basale (basal layer)

Question 4

inner layer of skin
• is a well vascularized, connective tissue layer containing collagen, elastic fibers, nerve endings, and lymph vessels. It is also the origin of sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and hair follicles.

Answer 4

Dermis

Question 5

 are attached to hair follicles and,

Answer 5

Sweat glands

Question 6

The two types of sweat glands

Answer 6

Apocrine and eccrine glands

Question 7

are located over the entire skin. Their primary function is secretion of sweat and thermoregulation.

Answer 7

Eccrine glands

Question 8

are associated with hair follicles in the axillae, perineum, and areolae of the breasts. They are small and nonfunctional until puberty.

Answer 8

Apocrine glands

Question 9

• loose connective tissue containing fat cells, blood vessels, nerves, and the remaining portions of sweat glands and hair follicles.
• stores fat as an energy reserve, provides insulation to conserve internal body heat
• serves as a cushion to protect bones and internal organs
• contains vascular pathways for the supply of nutrients and removal of waste products to and from the skin.

Answer 9

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 10

• consists of layers of keratinized cells, found over much of the body except for the lips, nipples, soles of the feet, palms of the hands, labia minora, and penis.

Answer 10

Hair

Question 11

• There are two general types of hair:

Answer 11

Vellus and terminal hair

Question 12

is short, pale, fine, and present over much of the body.

Answer 12

Vellus hair

Question 13

(particularly scalp and eyebrows) is longer, generally darker, and coarser than vellus hair.

Answer 13

Terminal hair

Question 14

• located on the distal phalanges of fingers and toes, are hard, transparent plates of keratinized epidermal cells that grow from the cuticle.

Answer 14

Nails

Question 15

extends over the entire nail bed and has a pink tinge as a result of blood vessels underneath.

Answer 15

Nail body

Question 16

crescent-shaped area located at the base of the nail. It is the visible aspect of the nail matrix

Answer 16

Lunula