Structure And Bonding Flashcards
What does chemical bonding involve?
sharing electrons in the highest energy levels of atoms to achieve electronic structure of a noble gas
What are compounds?
Substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined
what do atoms form by transferring electrons?
Ions
What are atoms that lose electrons known as?
Positively charged ions
What are atoms that gain electrons known as?
Negatively charged ions
What group are the noble gases in?
Group 0
What structure do ions have?
The electronic structure of a noble gas
What happens when the alkali metals react with non metal elements?
They form ionic compounds in which the metal ion has a single positive charge
What are the elements in group 7 of the periodic table?
Halogens
What do the halogens react with the alkali metals to form?
Ionic compounds in which the halide ions have a single negative charge
What is an ionic compound?
A giant structure of ions
What are ionic compounds held together by?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
What is ionic bonding?
The electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively charged ions
How does an atom become an ion?
It has to lose or gain electrons
What do ionic compounds always have?
Giant ionic lattices
What is a giant lattice?
A huge 3d network of atoms or ions
Give an example of a giant lattice?
Sodium Chloride which is a SALT
What happens when atoms share pairs of electrons?
They form covalent bonds
What do metals consist of?
Giant structures of atoms arranged in a regular pattern
What do some covalently bonded substances consist of?
Molecules such as: H2 Cl2 O2 HCL H2O NH3 CH4
How many electrons does every outer shell have to have apart from the first cell?
8
Give an example of a giant covalent structure?
- diamond
- silicon dioxide
What is another word for a giant covalent structure?
Macromolecules
