Structure and Bonding

Question 1

Properties of Ionic Compounds

Answer 1

• Giant lattice structures with strong electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions between oppositely charged ions
• High melting and pointing points as lots of energy is needed to break strong electrostatic forces of attraction
• Only conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water as charged ions are free to move

Question 2

Other ion formulas

Answer 2

• Hydroxide ions: OH-
• Sulfate ions: SO4 2-
• Nitrate ions: NO3-
• Carbonate ions: CO3 2-

Question 3

Covalent Bonding

Answer 3

Occurs between 2 more non-metals where electrons are shared to obtain a full outer shell

Question 4

Types of covalent structures

Answer 4

• Simple molecular structures
• Giant Covalent Structures
• Polymers

Question 5

Properties of covalent structures

Answer 5

• Simple molecular structures due to weak intermolecular forces
• Simple and giant covalent structures (except graphite) don’t conduct electricity as they have no free electrons that can move