Structure 1.3 - Electron Configuration Flashcards
What happens to the energy level as you move farther from the nucleus?
The distances between the energy levels ger smaller as they move farther away from the nucleus - they converge
Define ground state
The lowest possible energy level a certain e can be, the higher in energy levels, the more unstable.
Define excited state
excited by temperature, energy, pressure, when it is not at its lowest state.
What is a photon?
The energy emitted when an e returns to ground state, releases this energy in the form of a photon
An emission spectrum shows… it is…
the points of visible light released by an atom - discrete lines representing energy/wavelength/frequency
An absorption spectrum shows… it is…
colour with black lines, shows where specific wavelengths are absorbed by e - then in an excited state
Hydrogen has how many electrons?
1
Define Pauli’s rule
No more than 2 electrons per subshell, spin must be opposite
Define Aufbau principle
Fill the lowest energy level first
Positive ion…
Negative ion…
losing electrons
gaining electrons
Define Hund’s rule
occupied by 1 electron in each subshell before filling the 1st with two, 2nd with 2 etc.
Define what is special about the electron configuration of transition metals
When forming ions, transition metals prefer to have their highest value subshell orbitals full (3d10) before filling the highest number orbital (4s2).
Orbitals can hold…
n squared
Subshells can hold…
2n squared
Helium has … valence electrons
2
