structural modifications of footpad and nerves supply

Question 1

what are the different footpads

Answer 1

carpal pad
metacarpal pad
digit pads

Question 2

functions of footpads

Answer 2

resistance to trauma
traction
anti-concussive
protect deep structures
support digit

Question 3

components of skin

Answer 3

epidermis and dermis

Question 4

structure of epidermis

Answer 4

cells constantly produced by germinative layer
cells age as move outwards
dead at surface and slough
constant replacement
no nerve or blood supply
insensitive and no bleeding

Question 5

structure of dermis

Answer 5

blood supply
nerve supply
sensitive and bleeds
supports germinative layer

Question 6

modifications of footpad to trauma resistance

Answer 6

increased skin thickness
increased turnover of cells
deposition of keratin
rough surface
sweat glands - heat loss
hairless
variable pigmentation

Question 7

components of footpad

Answer 7

epidermis
dermis
superficial fascia
digital cushion

Question 8

function of digital cushion

Answer 8

shock absorption

Question 9

clinical considerations to footpad

Answer 9

wounds - contains excessive vascular channels
sweat - bandaging
damage to DDFT

Question 10

components of claw

Answer 10

dermis
germinate layer between claw and skin and palmar surface of ungual process
epidermis - keratinised
stratum trectorum - waterproof surface layer

Question 11

what is the position of claw maintained by

Answer 11

extensor tendons
dorsal elastic ligament
balanced by DDFT

Question 12

clinical considerations of the claw

Answer 12

dermis contains blood and nerve supply so can be damaged if cut

Question 13

forelimb lymph nodes

Answer 13

prescapular
axillary

Question 14

radial nerve damage

Answer 14

motor losses
sensory losses

Question 15

brachial plexus damage

Answer 15

tumour
tears